Intelligent deep-loosening soil preparation operation quality monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent deep-loosening soil preparation operation quality monitoring system which is composed of an electro-hydraulic proportional valve, an oil pump, a controller, a fixing seat, a resistance sensor, an upper pull rod, a deep-tillage sensor bracket, a deep-tillage sensor, a lift cylinder, a lift arm, a deep loosening operation machine and a lower pull rod. Under the action of the controller, deep tillage and cultivation resistance is detected respectively through the deep-tillage sensor and the resistance sensor, and tillage depth measurement and control, operation areas, tillage depth resistance distribution and operation time of a deep loosening soil preparation operation unit are stored and analyzed and emergency situations of blocks, roots and the like are warned in combination of the various functional modules. The intelligent deep-loosening soil preparation operation quality monitoring system is high in automation degree, low in cost and simple in structure, agricultural machinery departments can be assisted in knowing tillage depth resistance distribution and the operation area of the deep tillage area, and support is provided for the operation unit meeting the requirements of deep tillage and operation subsidies with actual operation area.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an intelligent subsoiling and land preparation operation quality monitoring system, which belongs to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery. Background technique [0002] Subsoiling soil preparation is a mechanized land preparation technology that uses a tractor to pull a subsoiler or a combined soil preparation machine with subsoiling components to perform inter-row or all-round deep soil cultivation. Subsoiling and soil preparation can break the hard plow bottom layer, thicken the loose soil layer, improve the structure of the soil plow layer, enhance the ability of soil water storage and moisture conservation, drought resistance and flood prevention, and promote crop production and farmers' income. [0003] Since the 1980s, farmers in some areas of my country have used small four-wheel tractors with plows or rotary tillers to carry out shallow plowing and rotary tillage operations, resulting in the formation of a ha...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

When searching the existing patents and papers of similar technologies, it is found that the Chinese patent 1 "A Real-time Monitoring System and Method for Farm Machinery's Plowing Depth" with the application number of 201310032560.0 discloses a system capable of real-time monitoring of the plowing depth of the machine when it is working. It can record the tillage depth in real time and give an audible and visual alarm when the tillage depth exceeds the set range. In this method, forward and reverse springs and angle measuring devices are installed on the main shaft of the ground wheel to make the ground wheel close to the ground. The angle change between the ground wheel frame and the plumb line caused by time can measure the tillage depth, but this system cannot realize the automatic control of the tillage depth and the real-time measurement of the working area

Patent 2 (Application No. 201420364537.1) discloses "Subsoiling Soil Preparation Machine with Tillage Depth Liquid Level Display Device". When the pull-down rod, lift rod and lift arm of the rear-mounted three-point suspension are linked up and down due to different depths, the oil in the hydraulic cylinder is subject to different external pressures and flows to the liquid level indicator in the cab through the hydraulic oil pipe. Through the change of the scale of the liquid level indicator, the lifting situation of the agricultural machinery and the tillage depth during the mechanical tillage can be quickly known, but the device only indirectly reflects the tillage depth through the change of the indication value of the liquid level gauge, and the accuracy is poor. When working on inconsistent plots, it is difficult to ensure accurate measurement and consistency of the depth of tillage, and the device cannot realize automatic measurement and control of the depth of tillage; The characteristics of the system are: a rotation angle measuring device is installed on the tillage depth adjustment arm, the tillage depth adjustment handle is connected with the motor output shaft, and the position of the tillage depth adjustment handle is adjusted through the change of the length of the motor output shaft, thereby adjusting the tillage depth. And use the feedback value of the rotation angle measuring device to adjust the output length of the motor shaft, so as to realize the adjustment of the plowing depth, but this system cannot realize the real-time measurement of the working area and the measurement and control of the working load, nor can it realize the sudden rock formation in the ground. Monitoring and alarming of blocks and tree roots

Paper 1 (Journal of Agricultural Machinery, 2013, 31(3)) discloses a "Design and Experiment of Ultrasonic Agricultural Machinery Operation Depth Measurement Device". Combined with the sound velocity of ultrasonic waves in the medium to calculate the operating depth, the measurement of the depth of plowing operations is realized. However, the reflection of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic sensor used in the device will cause the measurement reflection points at the same point to be different due to the unevenness of the reflection interface. One point, so the delay is also different, and the measurement is not accurate; in addition, the device cannot realize real-time measurement of the operating area, measurement and control of the operating load, and monitoring and alarming of sudden stones and tree roots in the ground.

Paper 2 (Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2013, 5) discloses a "Design of Rotary Tiller Loosening Depth Detection System", which uses ultrasonic sensors to detect tillage depth, but cannot realize the adjustment of tillage depth

Paper 3 (Journal of Agricultural Machinery, 2013, 31(3)) discloses a "Design and Test of Tractor Hydraulic Suspension Electro-hydraulic Control System for Tillage Depth", which starts from the principle of tractor hydraulic suspension electro-hydraulic control system for tillage depth, researches An electro-hydraulic control system for plowing depth with electro-hydraulic proportional valve as the main control valve is developed. The strain gauge force sensor detects the plowing resistance, takes the plowing depth and plowing resistance as the two-way feedback signal of the controller, and controls the flow and direction of the hydraulic oil in and out of the oil cylinder through the inherent electro-hydraulic proportional valve of the electronically controlled hydraulic suspension system to control the suspension. The lifting of the lifting mechanism realizes the automatic control of the plowing depth. The disadvantages are: the real-time measurement of the working area cannot be realized, the real-time monitoring data of the plowing depth and plowing resistance cannot be recorded and stored, and there is no ability to detect sudden rocks in the ground. , Root monitoring and alarm function

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