A preparation method of a membrane capacitive desalination electrode based on three-dimensional graphene

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a capacitive desalination electrode based on a three-dimensional graphene-based membrane, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing process of a capacitive desalination electrode. The method uses a positively charged polystyrene sphere as a template, adopts the self-assembly method of suction filtration, obtains three-dimensional graphene through freeze-drying and high-temperature calcination, and then activates it with concentrated nitric acid, and uses aryldiazonium salt and 3‑amino Propyltriethoxysilane is sulfonated and aminated respectively, so that the three-dimensional graphene has ion selectivity, which can effectively improve the desalination performance and electrode regeneration performance when used in membrane capacitive desalination. The process of the present invention is fast, simple and low in cost. It can be applied to the desalination of seawater and brackish water, providing a new way for desalination with low energy consumption, low cost and high performance.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a capacitive desalination electrode based on a three-dimensional graphene-based membrane, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing process of a capacitive desalination electrode. The desalination electrode prepared by the invention has high efficiency and low energy consumption desalination performance, can be applied to the desalination of seawater and brackish water, and provides a new way for low energy consumption, low cost and high performance desalination. Background technique

[0002] In recent years, due to increasing population and increasingly severe environmental pollution, water shortage has become a huge challenge for us. To solve this problem, we must find a low-cost, low-energy, environmentally friendly and non-polluting method to desalinate seawater . Capacitive desalination technology is an effective way to desalinate seawater or brackish water, but the traditional capacitive ...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0020] Ultrasonically disperse polystyrene balls in a certain amount of water (solid content: 8wt%), and then drop them into a certain amount of graphite oxide aqueous dispersion (concentration: 1mg / mL). The mass ratio is 1:3, ultrasonically mixed evenly, self-assembled after suction filtration, freeze-dried for 24 hours, and the product is placed in a tube furnace, under the protection of pure nitrogen, the heating rate is controlled to 1 o C / min, the gas flow rate is 100mL / min, the temperature is raised to 550°C, and the temperature is kept for 3h to obtain three-dimensional graphene; weigh 0.1g of three-dimensional graphene into a three-necked flask, add 60mL concentrated nitric acid and 20mL deionized water, and store at 90°C Stir under reflux for 3 hours, cool to room temperature, perform suction filtration, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry at 60° C. for 12 hours to obtain activated three-dimensional graphene. Dissolve 2.1g of p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid i...

Embodiment 2

[0025] Ultrasonic disperse polystyrene balls in a certain amount of water (solid content: 8wt%), and then drop them in a certain amount of graphite oxide aqueous dispersion (concentration: 1mg / mL), the mass of polystyrene balls and graphite oxide The ratio is 1:5, ultrasonically mixed evenly, self-assembled after suction filtration, freeze-dried for 24 hours, and the product is placed in a tube furnace. Under the protection of pure nitrogen, the heating rate is controlled to 1 o C / min, the gas flow rate is 100mL / min, the temperature is raised to 650°C, and the temperature is kept for 2h to obtain three-dimensional graphene; weigh 0.1g of three-dimensional graphene into a three-necked flask, add 40mL concentrated nitric acid and 20mL deionized water, and store at 70°C Stir under reflux for 2 hours, cool to room temperature, filter with suction, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry at 60° C. for 12 hours to obtain activated three-dimensional graphene. Dissolve 2.1g o...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Ultrasonically disperse polystyrene balls in a certain amount of water (solid content: 8wt%), and then drop them into a certain amount of graphite oxide aqueous dispersion (concentration: 1mg / mL). The mass ratio is 1:8, ultrasonically mixed evenly, self-assembled after suction filtration, freeze-dried for 24 hours, and the product is placed in a tube furnace. Under the protection of pure nitrogen, the heating rate is controlled to 1 o C / min, the gas flow rate is 100mL / min, the temperature is raised to 750°C, and the temperature is kept for 1h to obtain three-dimensional graphene; weigh 0.1g of three-dimensional graphene into a three-necked flask, add 60mL concentrated nitric acid and 20mL deionized water, and store at 50°C Stir under reflux for 2 hours, cool to room temperature, filter with suction, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry at 60° C. for 12 hours to obtain activated three-dimensional graphene. Dissolve 2.1g of p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid in 5wt% ...

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a capacitive desalination electrode based on a three-dimensional graphene-based membrane, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing process of a capacitive desalination electrode. The desalination electrode prepared by the invention has high efficiency and low energy consumption desalination performance, can be applied to the desalination of seawater and brackish water, and provides a new way for low energy consumption, low cost and high performance desalination. Background technique

[0002] In recent years, due to increasing population and increasingly severe environmental pollution, water shortage has become a huge challenge for us. To solve this problem, we must find a low-cost, low-energy, environmentally friendly and non-polluting method to desalinate seawater . Capacitive desalination technology is an effective way to desalinate seawater or brackish water, but the traditional capacitive ...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0020] Ultrasonically disperse polystyrene balls in a certain amount of water (solid content: 8wt%), and then drop them into a certain amount of graphite oxide aqueous dispersion (concentration: 1mg / mL). The mass ratio is 1:3, ultrasonically mixed evenly, self-assembled after suction filtration, freeze-dried for 24 hours, and the product is placed in a tube furnace, under the protection of pure nitrogen, the heating rate is controlled to 1 o C / min, the gas flow rate is 100mL / min, the temperature is raised to 550°C, and the temperature is kept for 3h to obtain three-dimensional graphene; weigh 0.1g of three-dimensional graphene into a three-necked flask, add 60mL concentrated nitric acid and 20mL deionized water, and store at 90°C Stir under reflux for 3 hours, cool to room temperature, perform suction filtration, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry at 60° C. for 12 hours to obtain activated three-dimensional graphene. Dissolve 2.1g of p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid i...

Embodiment 2

[0025] Ultrasonic disperse polystyrene balls in a certain amount of water (solid content: 8wt%), and then drop them in a certain amount of graphite oxide aqueous dispersion (concentration: 1mg / mL), the mass of polystyrene balls and graphite oxide The ratio is 1:5, ultrasonically mixed evenly, self-assembled after suction filtration, freeze-dried for 24 hours, and the product is placed in a tube furnace. Under the protection of pure nitrogen, the heating rate is controlled to 1 o C / min, the gas flow rate is 100mL / min, the temperature is raised to 650°C, and the temperature is kept for 2h to obtain three-dimensional graphene; weigh 0.1g of three-dimensional graphene into a three-necked flask, add 40mL concentrated nitric acid and 20mL deionized water, and store at 70°C Stir under reflux for 2 hours, cool to room temperature, filter with suction, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry at 60° C. for 12 hours to obtain activated three-dimensional graphene. Dissolve 2.1g o...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Ultrasonically disperse polystyrene balls in a certain amount of water (solid content: 8wt%), and then drop them into a certain amount of graphite oxide aqueous dispersion (concentration: 1mg / mL). The mass ratio is 1:8, ultrasonically mixed evenly, self-assembled after suction filtration, freeze-dried for 24 hours, and the product is placed in a tube furnace. Under the protection of pure nitrogen, the heating rate is controlled to 1 o C / min, the gas flow rate is 100mL / min, the temperature is raised to 750°C, and the temperature is kept for 1h to obtain three-dimensional graphene; weigh 0.1g of three-dimensional graphene into a three-necked flask, add 60mL concentrated nitric acid and 20mL deionized water, and store at 50°C Stir under reflux for 2 hours, cool to room temperature, filter with suction, wash with deionized water until neutral, and dry at 60° C. for 12 hours to obtain activated three-dimensional graphene. Dissolve 2.1g of p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid in 5wt% ...