Strong-focusing optical system used for composite machining of laser turning and grinding and machining method

Abstract

The invention provides a strong-focusing optical system used for composite machining of laser turning and grinding and a machining method. The strong-focusing optical system comprises a collimating system and a focusing system and is characterized in that the collimating system is composed of three spherical mirrors; the focusing system is a round light spot focusing system composed of three spherical mirrors or a linear light spot focusing system composed of one cylindrical mirror and two spherical mirrors. A single beam of laser emitted by a laser device is focused into a round light spot through the strong-focusing optical system to irradiate the surface of a rotating workpiece, the workpiece rotates according to the specified rotating speed, the laser beam scans in the axial direction according to the specified speed, light energy of the laser beam is converted into heat energy, materials in a focus area on the workpiece are melted, gasified and thrown out, and a shaft part is machined in a turning manner. In order to increase the machining speed and improve the machining precision and the surface quality, the single beam of pulse laser emitted by the laser device is converted into a linear light spot to irradiate the surface of the turned workpiece in a focusing manner, and therefore ultrathin laser grinding is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a laser micromachining device, and also relates to a laser micromachining method. In particular, a strong focusing optical system and method for lathe turning and grinding. Background technique [0002] The cutting process of mechanical parts includes turning, milling, planing, grinding and so on. Traditional processing technology uses the forming movement of metal cutting machine tools to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, and uses high-hardness metal cutting tools to apply cutting force to the workpiece, and cut off excess metal to shape the workpiece. The essence of cutting processing, one is to rely on the tool material to be harder than the workpiece material, and the other is to rely on cutting force to remove excess metal. However, with the development of cutting-edge scientific and technological products in the direction of high precision, high speed, high temperature, high pressure, high power, and min...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Publication No. CN101148002A proposes an optical focusing system for laser microprocessing machines, but it only proposes that the system has a better focusing effect, and fails to specify the size of the focusing spot; Herman et al. propose to use a rotating prism The light beam is generated, the structure is simple, and the energy utilization rate is high, but the disadvantage of this optical system is that the processing precision of the rotating prism aspheric mirror optical element is high, and it is difficult for the system to obtain the spot type and size required for processing.

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