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Water-absorption desalination composite material for soil relic desalination, and applications thereof

A technology of composite materials and soil relics, applied in the field of water absorption and desalination composite materials, to achieve the effects of good desalination adaptability, convenient use, and improved desalination capacity and efficiency

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-04-20
LANZHOU INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The above method improves the salt resistance of the material, but the migration of soluble salts in the material is still in a state of passive adsorption

Method used

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  • Water-absorption desalination composite material for soil relic desalination, and applications thereof
  • Water-absorption desalination composite material for soil relic desalination, and applications thereof
  • Water-absorption desalination composite material for soil relic desalination, and applications thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] (1) Preparation of water-absorbing desalination materials

[0019] Soak 5.0g of starch in 25mL of deionized water and stir continuously for 30min to disperse the starch evenly in the solvent, heat to 80~85℃ for 50min under the protection of nitrogen, the system is in the form of translucent colloid, then cool down to 60℃, Add 25 mL of an aqueous solution of 0.36 g of potassium persulfate and 0.018 g of sodium sulfite, initiate the reaction at 60°C for 15 minutes, then add 200 mL of an aqueous solution of 20 g of acrylamide and 0.042 g of cross-linking agent N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and The graft polymerization reaction was carried out at 65° C. under protection, and the nitrogen flow was stopped after 2 hours of reaction. The obtained product is a gel-like polymer, which is taken out from the reactor after cooling, pulverized after being sufficiently dried, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. Weigh 16.4595g of the above product, add 1.56g of kaolin, after uniform ...

Embodiment 2

[0028] (1) Preparation of water-absorbing desalination materials

[0029] Soak 5.0g of starch in 25mL of deionized water and stir continuously for 30min to disperse the starch evenly in the solvent, heat it to 80~85℃ for 50min under the protection of nitrogen, the system is in the form of transparent colloid, then cool down to 60℃, add 25mL aqueous solution of 0.65g ammonium persulfate and 0.05g sodium sulfite was initiated at 65°C for 15min, then 200mL aqueous solution of 20g acrylamide and 0.042g cross-linking agent N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide was added, under nitrogen protection The graft polymerization reaction was carried out at 65°C, and the nitrogen flow was stopped after 2 hours of reaction. The obtained product is a gel-like polymer, which is taken out from the reactor after cooling, pulverized after being sufficiently dried, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve. Weigh 10.7254g of the above product, add 0.536g of silica gel, and after uniform dispersion, take 2g of th...

Embodiment 3

[0038] (1) Preparation of water-absorbing desalination materials

[0039] The preparation of the starch-acrylamide polymer is the same as above. After the preparation is completed, weigh 16.4595g of the product, add 2g of alumina, and after uniform dispersion, take 2g of the mixture and add 400ml of deionized water to form a uniformly dispersed viscous fluid. Apply it evenly on the carrier KC-X60 non-woven fabric, let it stand for 2 hours, dry it at 80°C for 6 hours, take it out, and cut it into a suitable shape for use after cooling.

[0040] (2) Desalination experiment

[0041] This experiment was carried out at room temperature, around 25 degrees Celsius.

[0042] Cut the sticking material into small pieces of 4*2cm for later use. Before the experiment, scrape an appropriate amount of salt content of 2%NaCl, 2%Na 2 SO 4 The surface soil of the test piece weighs about 100-200 mg, and is fixed in a 50ml solution. After the solution is dissolved and balanced, the supernata...

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a water-absorption desalination composite material for soil relic desalination, wherein a modifier is uniformly dispersed in a starch grafted acrylamide polymer to obtain the composite material, the modifier is kaolin, a molecular sieve, alumina or silica gel, the modifier content in the composite material is 1-40 wt%, and the preparation method of the starch grafted acrylamide polymer comprises: adding starch to deionized water, continuously stirring to make the starch be uniformly dispersed in the deionized water, carrying out a gelatinization treatment on the system under nitrogen protection until the system presents a translucent colloid state, cooling, adding an initiator to initiate a reaction, adding a cross-linking agent, and carrying out grafting polymerization on the reactants under nitrogen protection so as to obtain the gelatinous starch grafted acrylamide polymer. The present invention further discloses applications of the composite material in desalination of the soil relic surface containing soluble salts. With the material of the present invention, the removal efficiency of the soluble salts is effectively improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a water-absorbing and desalting composite material used for desalting earth ruins and its application, belonging to the field of functional polymers. Background technique [0002] Pottery, murals, and earthen sites are important parts of my country's excellent cultural heritage. However, after a long period of geological and environmental evolution, cultural relics have suffered damages of varying degrees, such as brittleness, hollowing, shedding, and nailing caused by salt damage. behavior, which is due to the dissolution-crystallization process of soluble salts in the cultural relics or the surrounding environment on the surface of the cultural relics under the influence of temperature and humidity. Therefore, the use of water absorption and desalination to remove the salt accumulated on the surface of cultural relics can effectively reduce the damage of cultural relics caused by salt damage, and finding safe and efficient wat...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08L51/02C08F251/00C08K3/34C08K3/36C08K3/22
Inventor 吕功煊周铁钱玲夏寅靳治良张尚欣胡红岩
Owner LANZHOU INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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