Laser and ultrasound combined type drilling system and machining method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the machining field of drilling holes in hard and brittle materials, in particular to a laser and ultrasound combined type drilling system and a machining method thereof. According to the laser and ultrasound combined type drilling system, the hard and brittle materials can be protected, high-speed machining can be realized and locating can be accurate. The laser and ultrasound combined type drilling system mainly comprises a laser machining system, an ultrasonic machining system, a precision rotating and locating mechanism and an axis aligning system, wherein the laser machining system and the ultrasonic machining system are installed on the precision rotating and locating mechanism to regulate locating. The axis aligning system mainly comprises a locating panel, locking structures, a gravity center sensor, a distance sensor, an oriented adjusting structure, a movement adjusting base and a drive control device, and the locating panel is a thin supporting panel loading work-pieces to be machined. Through a combined drilling method, the hard and brittle work-pieces can be machined at high speed and high precision. The laser machining system and the ultrasonic machining system are adopted for combined machining procedures, and therefore pre-drilling can be carried out in advance, high-speed operation can be realized, the quality of the work-pieces can be protected, and the surface machining precision can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of drilling processing on hard and brittle materials, in particular to a laser and ultrasonic composite drilling processing system and a processing method for protecting hard and brittle materials, high-speed processing and precise positioning. Background technique [0002] Drilling processing technology is to drill holes on solid materials through drills. For general solid materials, it can be realized by using drills with suitable hardness and suitable speed. However, there are many types of solid materials, and there are differences in hardness and strength. There are differences in brittleness, compression, tension, and corrosion resistance, but traditional drills can only drill holes in materials with a certain degree of hardness. For materials with too high hardness, ordinary drills cannot complete drilling at high speeds, and processing The surface quality is very poor. For materials with high brittleness, ordi...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] Drilling processing technology is to drill holes on solid materials through drills. For general solid materials, it can be realized by using drills with suitable hardness and suitable speed. However, there are many types of solid materials, and there are differences in hardness and strength. There are differences in brittleness, compression, tension, and corrosion resistance, but traditional drills can only drill holes in materials with a certain degree of hardness. For materials with too high hardness, ordinary drills cannot complete drilling at high speeds, and processing The surface quality is very poor. For materials with high brittleness, ordinary drills are easy to damage the surface quality of the material

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, laser drilling technology can be used for drilling of special materials. Laser drilling can be applied to a variety of materials with special properties, especially hard and brittle materials. However, the processing achieved by laser drilling The surface accuracy is not high, resulting in the surface quality not meeting the processing requirements; to achieve a high surface quality processing surface, ultrasonic drilling technology can be used, but when directly using ultrasonic drilling, due to the large energy of ultrasonic waves, it is easy to burst Damage to material quality, resulting in waste of resources, processing can not be controlled, so there are still certain limitations in the processing of hard and brittle materials

[0004] Therefore, in order to better solve the problem, laser and ultrasonic can be used to complement each other, such as the title "Cemented Carbide Laser Ultrasonic Assisted Machining Cutting Force Characteristics" (recorded in "Mechanical Design and Research" included in the Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database ) academic literature, disclosed the method of two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and laser heating assisted processing, which achieved high-precision processing quality, but this method is applied in cutting processing, and the processing procedures are complicated, which cannot be widely used in normal industrial production research Therefore, a processing system with low processing cost and high precision is still needed for drilling of hard and brittle materials.

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