Continuous production process of isooctyl nitrate

Abstract

The invention provides a continuous production process of isooctyl nitrate. The continuous production process comprises the following steps: metering concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid via a metering tank, adding the concentrated sulfuric acid and the concentrated nitric acid into a stirring kettle for uniformly stirring and mixing; respectively injecting mixed acid and isooctanol into two coolers for cooling, injecting the mixed acid and the isooctanol into a reactor assembly for mixing and reacting after the mixed acid and isooctanol are cooled to be lower than or equal to 15 DEG C, and firstly mixing in an efficient mixer in the reactor assembly; adding the uniformly-mixed material into a reaction thin tube through a distribution tank for reacting, and filling the periphery of the fine tube with cooling water; collecting reaction products via a collector, then adding the reaction products into a centrifugal machine for separating acid ester, and removing waste acid; refining and deacidifying coarse products via a 10wt% sodium hydroxide solution in an alkaline washing tower; enabling deacidified products to continuously flow into a settling tank from the alkaline washing tower for settling and dewatering, and adding the deacidified products into a drying tower for drying to obtain a product. Through the production process, the problem about safety in the existing process is solved; the production efficiency is improved; the production stability is improved; the cost is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the petrochemical field, in particular to a continuous production process of isooctyl nitrate. Background technique [0002] Isooctyl nitrate is used as a cetane number improver for diesel oil. The traditional synthesis method uses concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst to nitrate isooctyl alcohol. The characteristics of this reaction are: (1) When the initial reaction temperature is greater than 30°C, the reaction is almost instantaneously completed, and the reaction speed of each mixed acid of isooctyl alcohol depends on the mass transfer rate of the two phases. (2) The heat of reaction is large, and it is reported that the heat of reaction is 700KJ / Kg alcohol. (3) When the heat generated by the reaction raises the temperature of the system material (the mixture of isooctyl nitrate and mixed acid) to 40°C, the resulting product isooctyl nitrate is easily decomposed into free radicals in an oxidizing acid environment, resul...

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Problems solved by technology

(2) The heat of reaction is large, and it is reported that the heat of reaction is 700KJ / Kg alcohol

The kettle-type production and injection production systems have a large amount of stock, the cooling area of ​​the system is small, the reaction is easy to run out of control and explode, the production efficiency is low, and continuous production cannot be realized; the micro-tubular reaction process is unstable in the production process, and the process can improve production efficiency through Parallel distribution of acid and alcohol and increasing the number of micro-reaction tubes to improve production efficiency, the disadvantage is: the feed must pass through the distribution tube, and the flow rate of each tube of the distribution tube must be equal, but in actual production, due to the precision of the inner diameter of the thin tube, the length of the pipeline, and the Bent and other reasons, causing uneven flow of each distribution pipe, when the ratio of nitrol entering the microtube reactor is less than 1, unreacted isooctyl alcohol will enter the ester acid separation tank, and the unreacted isooctyl alcohol will be It reacts with excess nitric acid flowing into the ester-acid separation tank from other micropipes, which causes the temperature of the ester-acid separation tank to rise, eventually leading to a runaway explosion

Thus limiting the production capacity of a single production line

At the same time, the mixed acid and isooctyl alcohol must be preheated before entering the microtube reactor. The initial reaction temperature is 40-70°C. If the initial reaction temperature is too high, the reaction will be completed almost instantaneously. Production was forced to stop

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