Laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device used for converting an incident beam so as to clad a substrate with a clad material. The laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device comprises a supporting frame, a beam splitter and a reflective focusing assembly, wherein the beam splitter and the reflective focusing assembly are arranged on the supporting frame. The incident beam is converted into a reflected beam by the beam splitter, and the reflected beam is reflected in the peripheral direction of the central axis of the beam splitter. The reflective focusing assembly comprises a reflective focusing face and a reflecting face, and the reflective focusing face and the reflecting face both face the beam splitter. The reflective focusing face conducts reflective focusing on part of the reflected beam to form a cladding beam, and the cladding beam conducts cladding on the clad material sprayed to the substrate so as to form a molten bath. The reflecting face reflects part of the reflected beam to form a preheating beam which preheats the clad material on the substrate and / or preheats and slowly cools the substrate. The supporting frame is staggered from the cladding beam and the preheating beam.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a laser multi-beam feeding cladding and preheating device, which belongs to the field of laser additive manufacturing. Background technique [0002] In the advanced laser processing and forming manufacturing technology, there is a key technology, that is, the laser and the molten material are transmitted to the processing and forming position synchronously, and the metal material is continuously, accurately and uniformly put into the processing surface to focus on the scanning movement according to the predetermined trajectory. In the light spot, the precise coupling of optical materials is realized. The material converts light energy and heat energy in the beam, melts instantly and forms a molten pool, and completes the metallurgical process of rapid melting and solidification of the material. [0003] In the prior art, due to the sudden cooling and heating effect of laser cladding, the processing material will have a large d...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the prior art, the following problems exist in the relevant patents that combine cladding and preheating technology: US Patent Application No. US2009 / 0283501A1 discloses that using an independent laser to preheat the workpiece will have the following problems: 1. The structure of the nozzle is very complicated and the cost is high; 2. The nozzle will be very large and cannot enter the narrow space to carry out some cladding work

[0005] The content disclosed in Chinese patent application No. CN201380036006.8 uses an inductance device to preheat the material to be clad, which is completely independent from the cladding work, and there will be the following problems: 1. The structure of the nozzle is very complicated and the cost is high; 2. The volume of the nozzle It will be very large, and it is impossible to enter a small space to carry out some cladding work; 3. The wire is heated inductively in the channel. During the process of leaving the channel and entering the molten pool, the wire loses the heating source, and the temperature on the wire It will change, which will easily lead to changes in the position accuracy of the wire, which will easily affect the surface quality and accuracy of the cladding layer, and even lead to the inability to carry out the cladding work; 4. Inductive heating only heats the wire and does not heat the substrate. Heating only improves the cladding efficiency, but does not really play a role in reducing the thermal stress of the molten layer and reducing defects such as thermal cracks

[0006] In addition, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, in other existing internal powder feeding or wire feeding cladding feeding devices, there are generally the following problems: the cladding beam will cross the support frame, resulting in loss of capacity, and because the cladding beam The light is irradiated on the support frame, so the strain of the support frame is accelerated. In addition, in the prior art, it is usually necessary to coat the light-receiving surface of the support frame with light-absorbing materials, but if the process stability is not good, there will still be light reflection. To the condenser, it is easy to overheat and damage it. Therefore, the difficulty of coating light-absorbing materials is relatively high.

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