Laser additive manufacturing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser additive manufacturing device and method. The laser additive manufacturing device comprises a forming cabin, a working platform, a substrate, a scanning galvanometer assembly, a powder presetting assembly, an atmosphere regulating assembly, a lifting assembly and a central control system; when the laser additive manufacturing device is applied to the forming of a metal component, the scanning galvanometer assembly is not only used for the layer-by-layer selective melting of slice layers of the metal components above the fixedly-positioned substrate, but also used for the layer-by-layer selective melting of enclosed thin walls above the substrate; and the enclose thin walls are matched with the slice outline of the metal component, and capable of accommodating a metal powder bed. The laser additive manufacturing device and method disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the forming space is flexible and adjustable as well as the powder utilization ratio is high; and the high-quality low-cost additive manufacturing of metal components of various sizes and shapes can be achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a low-cost laser additive manufacturing equipment and method capable of forming complex metal components with flexible and adjustable forming space and excellent forming quality. Background technique [0002] Laser additive manufacturing technology is expected to realize the integrated processing of the structure and function of metal components, which is a research hotspot in the advanced manufacturing industry. According to the different process characteristics, the commonly used laser additive manufacturing technology can be divided into two types: laser cladding deposition and laser selective melting. [0003] The process principle of laser cladding deposition technology can be summarized as follows: 1) The laser head outputs the laser beam according to the preset trajectory under the control of the CNC machine tool, and scans the fixed substrate; 2...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this technology requires the integration of powder nozzles, CNC machine tools, laser heads and scanning galvanometers, and the deposition of closed thin-walled and sliced ​​layers of metal components requires the use of laser beams with completely different optical parameters and the application of completely different scanning parameters. , resulting in high equipment design, assembly and maintenance costs, high process complexity and difficult operation

In particular, due to differences in process principles, it is difficult to maintain a high degree of consistency between the closed thin wall manufactured by "laser cladding deposition" and the sliced ​​layer of metal components manufactured by "laser selective melting", resulting in deviations in the actual laying thickness of the metal powder layer. Preset value, seriously affecting the forming accuracy and service performance of metal components

Images