A high-efficiency control method of water and fertilizer for corn large ridge and double-row drip irrigation under plastic film in cold and semi-arid regions

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency control method of water and fertilizer of large ridge and double-row film drip irrigation for maize in semi-arid region of cold region. The method comprises following steps: 1) when base fertilizer is applied on large ridges and corn is planted, first seed fertilizer is applied, then drip irrigation belt and mulching film are laid, and finally holes are drilled to sow; 2) after the corn is planted in step 1), the seedling water is dripped once before the emergence of the seedlings; 3) drip irrigation is carried out once in the period of 10% to 30% leafage index of maize, topdressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is carried out; 4) drip irrigation is carried out once in the period of 40% ~ 60% leaf age index of maize, and top dressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is carried out; 5) soil drip irrigation is carried out once in the period of 70% ~ 90% leaf age index of maize, and topdressing of nitrogen andphosphorus fertilizers are carried out; 6) drip irrigation is carried out once in the 100% leaf age index period of maize and topdressing of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers is carried out; 7) soil drip irrigation is carried out every 10-20 days after silking until corn is harvested. The invention improves the absorption and utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer, and greatly improvesthe yield and quality of the corn kernel.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a high-efficiency control method of water and fertilizer for drip irrigation under plastic film in two rows of large ridges of corn in a semi-arid area of ​​cold regions, and belongs to the technical field of corn cultivation. Background technique [0002] Under-mulch drip irrigation technology is a new type of water-saving irrigation technology that combines film-covered planting and drip irrigation technology. It not only has the advantages of drip irrigation, water saving, labor saving, production increase, high efficiency, and strong applicability, but also plays a role in water conservation and moisture conservation of plastic film mulching technology. , Increase soil temperature and microbial activity, and reduce the loss of chemical substances. In recent years, although the mechanized planting technology of drip irrigation under plastic film in two rows of large ridges has been widely used in corn production in the semi-...

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Problems solved by technology

In recent years, although the mechanized planting technology of drip irrigation under plastic film in two rows of large ridges has been widely used in corn production in the semi-arid area of ​​western Heilongjiang Province, it has effectively alleviated the low temperature and chilling damage in the early stage of corn growth, drought and less rain, and defertilization in the late stage of corn growth. However, due to the poor soil of the corn planting fields in this area and poor water and fertilizer retention, under the drip irrigation cultivation mode under the plastic film, most farmers in order to pursue high yield, the existing practice is usually: water and nutrient management Still using the "big fat and big water" supply method under the traditional cultivation mode, excessive fertilization and blind irrigation, it is still unable to give full play to the advantages of efficient operation of water and fertilizer on-demand supply of "small amount and multiple times" under the mulch drip irrigation technology, especially for the western part of Heilongjiang Province The specific natural ecological conditions of the region and the similar cold and semi-arid regions do not have a set of suitable, precise and efficient control methods for water and fertilizer, resulting in aggravated environmental adverse effects such as waste of water resources, low fertilizer utilization efficiency and eutrophication of water bodies

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