330 results about "Arid area" patented technology

The invention provides an intelligent ecological restoration system, method and device for a high and steep slope of a strip mine in an arid region. Comprising a data acquisition layer which realizes real-time acquisition of multi-dimensional environmental data through InSAR satellite remote sensing, a ground sensor network and unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral imaging; the transmission layer adopts LoRa and 5G hybrid networking; the platform layer is used for constructing a slope stability prediction and restoration scheme optimization platform based on a digital twinborn model and a deep learning algorithm; and the application layer is used for remotely controlling the repairing device through a mobile terminal and a Web terminal and monitoring the repairing progress in real time. The problems that a traditional restoration technology is poor in adaptability, low in vegetation survival rate, high in ecological restoration cost, insufficient in monitoring technology application, insufficient in monitoring feedback mechanism, insufficient in intelligence, long in ecological restoration period and the like are solved.

A computer-implemented method for predicting a Seawater intrusion index in coastal aquifers in arid regions with multiple parameters in groundwater for a sustainable groundwater management includes selecting multiple parameters based on the level of informative contribution and the multicollinearity to obtain an input dataset, partitioning the input dataset into a modeling dataset and a testing dataset, dividing the modeling dataset into a training set and a validation set and tuning hyperparameters based on a grid search strategy for each model, training each model based on the training set and hyperparameters, evaluating each model based on the validation set and multiple statistical performance metrics, selecting a prediction model based on the testing dataset and the multiple statistical performance, predicting the Seawater intrusion index from the prediction model, and creating an adaptive groundwater management strategy based on the SWI index.

A method of creating a wetland in a remote arid location includes identifying or establishing a channel of flowing water at the arid location, and installing therein a mat containing seeds, and / or seedlings, and a super absorbent polymer (SAP). Water is applied to the SAP, such that both edible and dam-constructing vegetation grows and matures from the mat. Beavers are then dropped into the arid location by parachute in containers that open upon landing. The beavers eat the edible vegetation and use the dam-constructing vegetation to construct at least one dam across the channel of flowing water, thereby forming a wetland that further encourages both the vegetation and the beavers to propagate. A perforated, transparent or translucent cover sheet can be placed on or suspended above the mat. A water barrier can be placed below the mat. The wetland vegetation cools and humidifies the environment by transpiration of water.

A method of creating a wetland in a remote arid location includes identifying or establishing a channel of flowing water at the arid location, and installing therein a mat containing seeds, and / or seedlings, and a super absorbent polymer (SAP). Water is applied to the SAP, such that both edible and dam-constructing vegetation grows and matures from the mat. Beavers are then dropped into the arid location by parachute in containers that open upon landing. The beavers eat the edible vegetation and use the dam-constructing vegetation to construct at least one dam across the channel of flowing water, thereby forming a wetland that further encourages both the vegetation and the beavers to propagate. A perforated, transparent or translucent cover sheet can be placed on or suspended above the mat. A water barrier can be placed below the mat. The wetland vegetation cools and humidifies the environment by transpiration of water.

The invention discloses an arid region small watershed vegetation ecological environment monitoring method comprising the following steps: obtaining an arid region small watershed earth surface image, processing the arid region small watershed earth surface image, and obtaining a first vegetation distribution image; acquiring a second vegetation distribution image according to matching of the first vegetation distribution image and a spectral feature library; extracting spatial distribution characteristics of a vegetation community from the second vegetation distribution image, calculating a dynamic change trend of the spatial distribution characteristics, and obtaining a community structure change data set; based on the community structure change data set, predicting a short-term evolution trend of the vegetation community structure by adopting a long-short-term memory network, and obtaining a dynamic change prediction result of the vegetation community structure; according to the dynamic change prediction result, combining the community structure change data set to quantify the biodiversity level to obtain a biodiversity evaluation result; key indexes are extracted from the biodiversity evaluation result, and vegetation ecological environment state data are monitored in real time according to the key indexes.

The invention discloses application of a transcription factor BnaMYB52 in regulation and control of drought resistance of rape, and relates to the technical field of biology. The amino acid sequence of the transcription factor BnaMYB52 is as shown in any one of SEQ ID NO. 5 to 8. According to the invention, the negative regulation effect of the transcription factor BnaMYB52 in the drought resistance of the rape is disclosed for the first time, and a brand new molecular target and a genetic improvement strategy are provided for improving the drought resistance of the rape. Through in-depth study, it is found that knockout of the BnaMYB52 gene can significantly enhance the tolerance of rape plants to the drought environment. In addition, a new drought-resistant rape germplasm obtained after genetic modification of the gene shows excellent adaptive capacity in a drought stress environment. The technical breakthrough not only helps to solve practical problems faced by rape planting in arid regions, but also lays a solid theoretical foundation and technical support for cultivating high-yield and high-quality rape varieties adapting to extreme climate conditions.

The invention provides a tree species screening method for high-altitude drought afforestation, an afforestation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of forest tree breeding and cultivation. According to the screening method, five physiological and biochemical indexes of soluble protein, malondialdehyde, proline, peroxidase and soluble sugar in the tree species are measured through a gradient drought stress experiment, and comprehensive scoring is performed by adopting a membership function, so that the drought-resistant tree species are scientifically screened. The tree species such as sophora moorcroftiana, rosa serrulata and amorpha fruticosa screened by the method are applied to afforestation in the high-altitude arid region, and the afforestation survival rate and preservation rate can be remarkably increased. The invention provides a reliable technical scheme for solving the long-term problem that the selection of tree species in the difficult site field lacks scientific basis.

The invention discloses a GIS-based arid and semi-arid region farmland irrigation priority dynamic evaluation and zoning method, system, device and medium, and belongs to the technical field of farmland irrigation priority evaluation and zoning, and the method comprises the steps: collecting various types of remote sensing satellite data of a to-be-irrigated region; performing pretreatment; identifying the boundary and range of the to-be-irrigated area, and extracting a remote sensing image of the to-be-irrigated area; based on the remote sensing image of the to-be-irrigated area and the basic geographic information, parameter calculation is carried out, and normalization processing is carried out; performing superposition calculation on each normalized parameter according to a set weight to obtain an irrigation priority index; partitioning the to-be-irrigated area based on the irrigation priority index to generate an irrigation priority map; and judging whether agricultural irrigation management requirements are met or not according to preset conditions. According to the method, temperature vegetation drought indexes, normalized moisture indexes, water resource accessibility and crop economic value parameters are coupled; the irrigation priority index weight can be automatically adjusted according to a season strategy.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and discloses a small flat film heat preservation cultivation method for amorphophallus bulbifer in cold and arid areas, and the small flat film is used for covering, so that the ground temperature can be increased, and early sowing and early harvesting of the amorphophallus bulbifer are promoted. The temperature in the mulching film is 7-9 DEG C higher than that in the open field, amorphophallus bulbifer can be sown 30 days earlier, and seedlings emerge 15 days earlier. In addition, the small flat film can reduce water evaporation, prevent rainstorm scouring and keep the soil water content stable, and drought resistance and waterlogging prevention are facilitated.

The invention discloses a phycomycete composite biological fertilizer for an arid loess area as well as a preparation method and application of the phycomycete composite biological fertilizer, and belongs to the technical field of biological fertilizers. The phycomycete composite biological fertilizer is prepared from nitrogen-fixing anabaena and acinetobacter, counted by a single cell, the total viable count of the anabaena azotica is greater than or equal to 1.0 * 10 < 6 > CFU / mL, and the total viable count of the acinetobacter is greater than or equal to 1.0 * 10 < 7 > CFU / mL. Experiments prove that the phycomycete composite biological fertilizer can significantly improve the germination potential and germination rate of crop seeds, promote seedling growth, improve the nutritional quality of crops and reduce the death rate of seedlings, is suitable for various crops such as wheat, Shanghai Qing and peas, and has important application value in agricultural production in arid regions.

The invention provides a remote sensing estimation method for high spatial-temporal resolution crop evapotranspiration in an arid and semi-arid region, which comprises the following steps of: acquiring cloudless or less-cloudless high spatial resolution optical remote sensing data of a crop growing season in a research region, and calculating or inverting remote sensing earth surface parameters required by high spatial resolution evapotranspiration; comprising a vegetation index NDVI, a leaf area index LAI, a vegetation coverage FVC, a surface water index LSWI and a surface albedo; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring meteorological reanalysis data of daily scales ERA5-Land and GLADAS of a research area, wherein the meteorological reanalysis data comprises relative humidity RH, average temperature Ta, air pressure Pa, solar short-wave radiation # imgabs0 #, downward long-wave radiation # imgabs1 # and upward long-wave radiation # imgabs2 #; according to the technical scheme, multi-source remote sensing data, an evapotranspiration physical model and a space-time fusion technology based on evapotranspiration characteristics are utilized, and estimation of high space-time resolution evapotranspiration of the arid and semi-arid agricultural areas is achieved.

The invention provides a method for measuring and calculating a collaborative safety index of a water-grain-ecological composite system in an arid region, and relates to the technical field of collaborative management of green agricultural resources in the arid region. The method aims at solving the technical problem that in the prior art, a system for evaluating the water-grain-ecology multi-element co-evolution relation with an arid region as a research object is lacked. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a state parameter index system of water resource, grain and ecological safety in the arid region, and measuring and calculating through an improved G1-CRITIC subjective and objective weighting method to obtain a subsystem safety index reflecting a state parameter of a composite system; and inputting the subsystem safety index into a pre-established Hakkine model, analyzing the co-evolution process of the water-grain-ecological composite system, and measuring and calculating to obtain a water-grain-ecological collaborative safety index reflecting the collaborative safety state of the water-grain-ecological composite system. According to the method, from the perspective of the compound system, the dynamic relationship among water-grain-ecology is revealed under the background of agricultural green development in the arid region, and the technical blank in the aspect of research on the evolution mechanism of the compound system in the arid region is effectively filled. According to the method, the water competition of the arid region can be relieved, the soil salinization and underground water mineralization process can be slowed down, a high-level cooperation mechanism of mutual promotion and dynamic adjustment among water, grain and ecology is formed, so that the green and sustainable development of agriculture in the arid region is promoted, and the method has important theoretical value and practical application prospects.

The invention provides a composition and application thereof in plant growth promotion, and the composition is granular and is prepared from corn glume, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium bentonite and water. The composition can be directly applied through a fertilizer throwing machine or applied together with a chemical fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, after application, the plant yield and quality can be improved, the lodging resistance of plants can be improved, the composition especially has a remarkable effect on increasing the yield of crops in arid regions, materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, pollution is avoided, and the composition has important significance on development of the planting industry in China.

The invention discloses a semi-arid region vegetation pattern construction method and device, and relates to the technical field of vegetation pattern construction and semi-arid region ecological restoration, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining water resource data, vegetation data and climate data of a semi-arid region; according to the water resource data, performing water resource evaluation on the semi-arid region to obtain a water resource evaluation result; according to the vegetation data and the climate data, performing vegetation water demand analysis on the semi-arid region to obtain a vegetation water demand analysis result; carrying out vegetation suitability evaluation on the semi-arid region, and screening vegetation species matched with water resource conditions of the semi-arid region; and carrying out vegetation pattern design on the semi-arid region, and determining a vegetation pattern design scheme so as to conveniently carry out vegetation planting operation on the semi-arid region. According to the method, reasonable matching of vegetation construction and water resources in the semi-arid region can be achieved, and the stability and the ecological service function of a regional ecological system are effectively improved.

The invention provides an arid region salt marsh grassland wetland water supplement regulation and control method and a related device, and the method comprises the steps: determining the ecological water demand and deficiency corresponding to a target region according to the wetland vegetation evapotranspiration, precipitation and underground water-soil water exchange flux of the target region in a target time period, the target area is any area in the salt marsh grassland wetland in the arid area; determining a water quantity adaptive gap corresponding to the target area according to the earth surface water supplementing quantity and the ecological water demand deficit quantity of the target area in the target time period; and performing water supplementing regulation and control on the target area according to the water quantity adaptive gap. According to the accurate evaluation result of the water volume adaptation gap, a refined drip irrigation technology is adopted to carry out ecological water supplementation on the salt marsh grassland wetland, the requirements of plants for water in all stages of the whole life cycle are ensured, and the stability and adaptability of a wetland ecological system are improved; and multi-target collaborative development of hydrological communication, biodiversity improvement, habitat optimization and the like of the wetland ecosystem is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of plant desertification control, in particular to a method for plant desertification control in an arid region, and aims to solve the problems that an existing irrigation technology is high in planting cost and difficult to implement in a region without water source guarantee. S2, sowing the treated seeds in a matrix bag; s3, fixing the sown matrix bag in a pipe, and placing the pipe in a soil pit to cultivate matrix seedlings; s4, preparing a water-retaining root-promoting bag; s5, digging a planting pit in the target planting field, placing a water-retaining root-promoting bag at the bottom of the pit, and filling dry sand with a preset height; and S6, transplanting the bred substrate seedlings and the non-woven fabric bags into the planting pits. And a protective net for preventing the wild animals from gnawing can also be bound. The method is used for planting and desertification control, irrigation and additional management are not needed, the investment of laying drip irrigation belts in the later period is reduced, and the method is more suitable for areas without water resource guarantee, is more suitable for desert highway and railway slope protection, and is particularly suitable for being applied to the two sides of an oil field connecting line (a simple road).

This application discloses a comprehensive treatment method for salinized soil in semi-arid region, comprises: stripping and collecting the topsoil; spreading sandy soil and / or loess soil as a imported soil layer; spreading an anti-seepage layer, a salt barrier layer and a membrane layer successively on the imported soil layer; mixing clay into the topsoil to obtain mixed soil; blending saline-alkali land conditioner with the mixed soil to obtain planted soil; spreading the planted soil on the membrane layer to obtain a planting layer. The method combines physical, hydraulic, chemical and biological remediation methods to comprehensively manage saline-alkali soil in semi-arid areas. It consumes less water resources, has a shorter treatment cycle, shows quick results, is conducive to plant growth, and can effectively inhibit the return of salt.

The invention provides flaky mineral separation equipment and a separation method thereof. The flaky mineral separation equipment comprises a transmission belt inclining downwards, the upper surface of the transmission belt is in upward transmission, the surface of the transmission belt is a smooth surface, and the transmission belt is a polyurethane transmission belt. Separation of flaky minerals and granular minerals, such as separation of mica sheets and quartz particles, is realized by adopting a dry method, the method is suitable for mineral separation in arid regions, the mineral separation cost is reduced, and the problems of blockage and the like are avoided.

The present invention discloses the application of transcription factor BnaMYB52 in regulating rapeseed drought resistance, and relates to the field of biotechnology. The amino acid sequence of the transcription factor BnaMYB52 is shown in any one of SEQ ID NO.5‑8. The present invention reveals for the first time the negative regulatory role of transcription factor BnaMYB52 in rapeseed drought resistance, and provides a new molecular target and genetic improvement strategy for improving rapeseed drought resistance. Through in-depth research, it was found that knocking out the BnaMYB52 gene can significantly enhance the tolerance of rapeseed plants to drought environments. In addition, the new drought-resistant rapeseed germplasm obtained after genetic modification using this gene showed excellent adaptability under drought stress environments. This technological breakthrough not only helps to solve the practical problems faced by rapeseed cultivation in arid areas, but also lays a solid theoretical foundation and technical support for cultivating high-yield and high-quality rapeseed varieties that adapt to extreme climatic conditions.

The invention discloses an application of a transcription factor gene MabHLH770 of Musa communis in improvement of drought tolerance of plants. The gene MabHLH770 is an alkaline helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor which is separated and cloned from bananas balsamifera, and the nucleotide sequence of the gene MabHLH770 is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 2. Research results show that after drought stress treatment, compared with a wild type, the silent strain is higher in relative conductivity, malondialdehyde content and hydrogen peroxide content, and lower in proline content and peroxidase activity. The transcription factor MabHLH770 can effectively improve the drought tolerance of the plant. The discovery of the gene provides a new gene resource for plant stress-resistant molecular breeding, provides reference for plant cultivation in arid regions, and is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the arid regions.

The application discloses application of an OSA3 gene, relates to the technical field of genetic engineering, and the nucleotide sequence of the OSA3 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO. 3. The application research proves that the OSA3 gene has the ability of regulating the deep root ratio of rice, and by using the ability, drought-resistant transgenic rice can be developed for arid regions. Meanwhile, the OSA3 gene knockout mutant osa3-1 / osa3-2 constructed by the application has the increased number of shallow root systems, and can be used for developing transgenic rice resistant to poor soil for poor soil regions, and enhancing the adaptability of rice germplasm to the environment.

The utility model discloses a detachable guardrail flower box with a sponge function, which belongs to the technical field of road landscape flower boxes, and comprises a flower box shell, a sponge, a separation component, a water absorption cotton swab, a water escape valve, a cushion block and a connecting shell, the outer surface of the connecting shell is connected with a guardrail handrail, and the interior of the connecting shell is of a hollow structure. A plurality of cushion blocks are installed at the upper end of the bottom surface of the connecting shell, the flower box shell is placed above the cushion blocks, a water escape valve is inserted into a bottom plate of the flower box shell, the partition assemblies are arranged in pairs and installed in the flower box shell, water storage spaces are formed among the partition assemblies, the lower portions of side plates of the flower box shell and the bottom plate of the flower box shell, and the sponge is installed between the two partition assemblies. A plurality of water absorption cotton swabs are mounted in the separation assembly, and the bottom ends of the water absorption cotton swabs are arranged in the water storage space. The problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that a guardrail flower box structure has defects, roots are prone to rot, or water cannot be supplied to vegetation for a long time in an arid area are solved. The application range of the flower box is widened.

The present invention discloses a device and method for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in a river channel in an arid area. The simulation device comprises an experimental water flume, a river channel simulation component, a first water tank, and a second water tank. At least one drainage outlet is provided at the downstream end of the experimental water flume. The river channel simulation component is arranged in the experimental water flume, and comprises a first simulation layer and a second simulation layer stacked in sequence in an up-down direction. The first simulation layer is paved with finely crushed walnut shells and has a channel with a water inlet near the upstream end and a water outlet near the downstream end. The second simulation layer is paved with gravel. The first water tank is filled with water and is connected to the water inlet of the channel through an inlet pipe. Part of the water flowing into the channel flows to the downstream end, and the other part seeps into the second simulation layer. The second water tank is connected to the drainage outlet of the experimental water flume through the outlet pipe. In this way, the process of the width and depth of a river channel in an arid area decreasing as it moves downstream can be simulated.

The application provides a kind of bio-based degradable material to arid region field soil environment influence evaluation analysis method.The bio-based degradable material to arid region field soil environment influence evaluation analysis method includes a. Provide a multi-factor environment simulation model, the model combines different aridity, seasonal variation, long-term climate fluctuation factor, describes the dynamic process of soil change.The bio-based degradable material to arid region field soil environment influence evaluation analysis method, by introducing multi-factor environment simulation model, it is avoided that the problem that only single environmental condition is based on in the previous experiment by integrating a variety of variables such as aridity, seasonal variation, climate fluctuation into experimental design.This innovative design enables the method to verify the influence of bio-based degradable material on soil environment under a wider range of conditions, significantly improving the extrapolation and accuracy of experimental results.

The invention discloses a method for repairing alkaline cadmium-polluted farmland in arid and semi-arid regions and application of the method, and belongs to the technical field of soil repairing. According to the method, the alkaline cadmium polluted farmland soil in the arid and semi-arid areas is subjected to deep ploughing treatment, and organic materials are applied to improve the soil fertility and the environment and health quality. On the basis, an intercropping planting system suitable for the arid and semi-arid land area is constructed, low-cadmium-accumulation grain crops and high-cadmium-accumulation plants are reasonably selected according to the ecological conditions and crop characteristics of the area, and an intercropping combination of low-absorption grain crops and enriched economic crop plants is formed. According to the system, organic unification of source reduction of heavy metal pollution in soil, pollution control in the planting process and continuous and safe utilization of the farmland is achieved, the dual goals of pollution remediation and farmland production are taken into account, and pollution reduction and collaborative improvement of economic benefits are achieved; and a feasible technical path is provided for ecological restoration of alkaline heavy metal polluted farmlands in arid and semi-arid regions.

The present invention provides an atmospheric water extraction device and operating method based on hygrochromic drive. The device is composed of a hygrochromic material, a graphene coating, a radiative cooling coating, and a water collection chamber. The present invention utilizes the changes in the spectral properties of the hygrochromic material during the water adsorption-desorption process to effectively reflect or fully transmit sunlight to control the temperature of the hygrochromic material, thereby realizing an atmospheric water extraction process that is completely driven spontaneously by humidity and temperature. Graphene is used as the bottom coating of the hygrochromic material, and its excellent photothermal capacity is utilized to promote the desorption process of water in the hygrochromic material. A radiative cooling coating is used to cool the top surface of the water collection chamber to promote the condensation and collection process of water vapor. The present invention does not require sunshade equipment, manual intervention, or additional power input, and can spontaneously control the adsorption and desorption processes in atmospheric water collection. It has great application prospects in water collection in arid areas.

The present invention discloses a method for preventing frost heave, salt expansion, and salt corrosion in shallowly buried drainage pipes in cold and arid regions. The method comprises: determining the freezing depth in the cold and arid region, and thereby determining the depth of a trench excavation in the cold and arid region; excavating the trench, laying a gravel cushion layer at the bottom of the trench, burying a pressure sensor and a first cathode rod at the bottom of the gravel cushion layer, wherein the first cathode rod and the first anode rod are both electrically connected to a first power storage box; lowering the drainage pipe into the trench, filling the trench with fine sand near the drainage pipe and the rest of the trench with the gravel cushion layer; burying a second anode rod and a flow sensor at the top of the gravel cushion layer, wherein the second anode rod and the second cathode rod are both electrically connected to a second power storage box, and controlling the circuit on and off of the second anode rod and the second cathode rod according to the detected seepage flow rate; and installing a power supply device for the power storage box. The present invention also reduces frost heave, salt expansion, and salt corrosion in the drainage pipe, thereby extending the service life of the shallowly buried drainage pipes in cold and arid regions.

The invention discloses an agropyron mongolicum drought-resistant seedling-protecting type charcoal crusting coating and a preparation method of coated seeds thereof. The biochar crusting coating sequentially comprises three layers from inside to outside: a first layer: a nucleating stage layer; the second layer is an effective substance adding and increasing period layer; the third layer is a film forming period layer; in the second layer, bentonite, talcum powder, magnesium stearate and biochar are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10: 5: 5: (0.7-3.3) to prepare a mixture of bentonite, talcum powder, magnesium stearate and biochar. According to the method, the environment-friendly biochar is adopted to carry out shell treatment on the agropyron mongolicum seeds, the drought resisting and seedling keeping capacity of the agropyron mongolicum seedlings under drought is improved, successful planting of the agropyron mongolicum is facilitated, the seed consumption is reduced, the production cost is reduced, pasture production in arid and semi-arid regions in China is further promoted, and meanwhile ecological restoration of degraded grassland is effectively restored.

The invention provides a two-dimensional Ti3SiC2 nanosheet and application of a drought-resistant agent of the two-dimensional Ti3SiC2 nanosheet to improvement of plant drought resistance, and belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulation. The plant drought-resistant agent is prepared by taking the two-dimensional Ti3SiC2 nanosheet as an active ingredient and is used for improving the drought resistance of plants. A material and a method can be provided for plant drought resistance adjustment, the limitation of plant drought resistance adjustment means in the prior art is overcome, and effective technical support is provided for agricultural production in arid regions.

Design, manufacture, and production of an engineering product that has the potential to assist and change agriculture in semi-arid and arid areas. Designing and manufacturing an engineering product in the form of absorboost tiles, these absorboost tiles assist in the replacement of the functions of soil, for easy interchangeability these absorboost tile dimensions are according to the effect root zone of the plant type, and the anther aim of absorboost tiles have durability, so that can use for agriculture with multiple times with storage capability.