A kind of preparation method of graphene-coated spherical ammonium dinitramide

A technology of ammonium dinitramide and graphene coating, which is applied in the direction of offensive equipment, explosives processing equipment, explosives, etc., can solve problems such as safety accidents, difficult industrial production, overheating or aggregation of materials, and reduce hygroscopicity. Mild conditions, the effect of increasing the binding force

Active Publication Date: 2020-11-20
HUBEI INST OF AEROSPACE CHEMOTECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
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Problems solved by technology

However, the above methods all require spheroidization near the melting point of ADN (90°C), and local overheating or aggregation of the material may easily lead to safety accidents, and are difficult to industrialize.

Method used

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Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0028] The invention discloses a preparation method of graphene-coated spherical ammonium dinitramide, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) ammonium dinitramide (ADN) and a certain amount of nitramine explosives are jointly dissolved in a polar solvent to obtain the polar solution of dinitramide ammonium-nitroamine explosives;

[0030] (2) Slowly add the polar solution of ammonium dinitramide-nitroamine explosive into a non-polar solvent at a certain temperature under the action of ultrasonic and mechanical stirring, filter and vacuum dry to obtain spherical ammonium dinitramide white powder ;

[0031] (3) graphene is dispersed in nonpolar solvent by ultrasonic action, obtains the nonpolar dispersion liquid of graphene;

[0032] (4) the spheroidized ammonium dinitramide white powder of step (2) is placed in the graphene non-polar dispersion liquid that step (3) obtains, keep dinitramide ammonium suspension under certain temperature, mechanical stirri...

Embodiment 1

[0040] (1) 3gADN and 1.2gRDX were dissolved in 50mL acetonitrile to form ADN-RDX acetonitrile solution;

[0041] (2) Take 200mL of dichloromethane and place it in a three-necked round-bottomed flask, keep the temperature at 40°C, the ultrasonic power is 400W, the stirring speed is 500rpm, and ADN-RDX acetonitrile solution is added dropwise at a rate of 10 drops / min , after the dropwise addition is completed, filter and vacuum dry to obtain white spherical ADN powder;

[0042] (3) Weigh 0.04grGO and put it in 200mL of toluene solution, sonicate at 1000W ultrasonic power for 1h to obtain rGO-toluene dispersion;

[0043] (4) Weigh 2 g of spherical ADN in step (2) and place it in the rGO-toluene dispersion. After reacting for 1 h at 45 °C and 300 rpm, add 400 mL of n-hexane dropwise at a rate of 100 drops / min. After the addition is complete, , filtered and vacuum-dried to obtain a black graphene-coated spherical ADN composite. The obtained graphene-coated spheroidized ADN compos...

Embodiment 2

[0045] (1) Dissolve 3gADN and 0.3gHMX in 50mL cyclohexanone to form ADN-HMX cyclohexanone solution;

[0046] (2) Take 200mL of chloroform and place it in a three-neck round bottom flask, keep the temperature at -5°C, the ultrasonic power is 1000W, the stirring speed is 200rpm, and ADN-HMX ring is added dropwise at a rate of 60 drops / min. Hexanone solution, after the dropwise addition, was filtered and vacuum-dried to obtain white spherical ADN powder;

[0047] (3) Weigh 0.2grGO and place it in 200mL of toluene solution, sonicate for 2h under 1000W ultrasonic power to obtain rGO-toluene dispersion;

[0048] (4) Weigh 2 g of spherical ADN in step (2) and place it in the rGO-toluene dispersion. After reacting for 1 h at 60 °C and 600 rpm, add 400 mL of cyclohexane dropwise at a rate of 60 drops / min. Finally, filter and vacuum dry to obtain black graphene-coated spherical ADN composites. The obtained graphene-coated spheroidized ADN composite material has a moisture absorption r...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing graphene-coated spheroidization ammonium dinitramide. The method includes steps of firstly, preparing spheroidization ammonium dinitramide by the aid ofnormal-temperature or low-temperature re-crystallization processes under joint induction effects of ultrasonic waves-nitramine explosive; secondly, preparing graphene-coated spheroidization ammonium dinitramide composite materials by the aid of ultrasonic-anti-solvent processes. The method has the advantages that conventional high-temperature melting ammonium dinitramide spheroidization technologies are improved, accordingly, risks due to local overheating or aggregation of materials at the high temperatures can be reduced, and the technological realization of spheroidization-coating processescan be expanded; the spheroidization ammonium dinitramide is coated by high-activity graphene oxide with mutual effects with the spheroidization ammonium dinitramide, accordingly, binding force between the graphene oxide and the spheroidization ammonium dinitramide can be increased, and the moisture absorption of ammonium dinitramide can be obviously deteriorated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of propellants, in particular to a preparation method of graphene-coated spherical ammonium dinitramide. Background technique [0002] Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is a new type of oxidant, its molecule contains both oxidant and fuel components, high oxygen content, and the heat of formation is -148.4~-149.6kJ / mol. oxidizing agents. Different from the oxidizer widely used in current propellants—AP (heat of formation is -295.5kJ / mol), its molecular structure does not contain chlorine, and its combustion products have no "smoke", which makes the launch of missiles have low signal characteristics and is environmentally friendly. Pollution is small. However, the synthesized ADN is generally flaky or needle-like crystals, which are easy to enrich and affect the rheological properties of the slurry and the combustion performance of the propellant. The crystalline ADN prepared by the commonly used recrystallizatio...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C06B45/20C06B21/00
CPCC06B21/0083C06B45/20
Inventor 李磊黄丹椿杜芳汪慧思顾健陶博文胡建江李伟
Owner HUBEI INST OF AEROSPACE CHEMOTECHNOLOGY
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