Hydroformylation catalyst and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydroformylation catalyst, comprising an active component and a carrier carrying the active component, the active component comprising a transition metal as a central atom and a polyhydroxy aromatic ring group combined with the transition metal group, the transition metal and the polyhydroxy aromatic ring group are combined through at least one of a metal-hydroxyl coordination bond and a metal-oxygen covalent bond, and the active component includes at least one of the metal -hydroxyl coordination bond and at least one said metal-oxygen covalent bond. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the hydroformylation catalyst and the application of the hydroformylation catalyst.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of catalysts, in particular to a hydroformylation catalyst and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] The hydroformylation reaction of alkenes is one of the main methods to prepare aldehydes. Hydroformylation was first discovered by O.Roelen in Ruhrchemie Chemical Company in Germany in 1938. The first generation hydroformylation catalytic process uses cobalt carbonyl as catalyst, Co 2 (CO) 8 First dissolved in the reaction solution, under the reaction conditions, the formed HCo(CO) 4 It is considered to be the active species of the reaction, but this species is very easy to decompose to produce CO, and it needs to be stable under high CO pressure. [0003] The second-generation hydroformylation catalytic process uses phosphorus ligands to improve the stability of catalytically active species, which can effectively reduce the pressure required for the reaction and increase t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, phosphorus ligands will lead to a decrease in catalyst activity, and will accelerate the hydrogenation reaction of olefins and product aldehydes, resulting in a decrease in aldehyde selectivity.

[0004] The third-generation hydroformylation catalytic process is an oil-soluble rhodium ligand complex catalyst with metal Rh as the active center. This type of catalyst can greatly improve the reaction efficiency. For example, the Rh catalyst modified by triphenylphosphine is used. The reaction conditions Mild, high selectivity for normal aldehydes, greatly reduced side reactions such as olefin hydrogenation, but its disadvantage is that the product and catalyst are in a uniform liquid phase, the separation of the product and the catalyst and the recovery of the catalyst are difficult, and the separation of the distillation product Catalysts often lead to problems such as product polymerization, catalyst decomposition and deactivation

[0005] The fourth-generation hydroformylation catalytic process uses a water-soluble phosphorus ligand and an oil-water two-phase reaction system. The catalyst exists in the water phase, and the product aldehyde is located in the oil phase. After the reaction, the catalyst and product can be effectively separated by standing still, but Due to the low mass transfer efficiency of the two-phase reaction, which affects the catalytic effect, it is necessary to add a phase transfer agent, but the addition of the phase transfer agent will cause emulsification and increase the difficulty of phase separation

Images