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Production method of potassium nitrate

A production method, the technology of potassium nitrate, applied in the chemical industry, can solve the problems of difficult separation of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, no corrosion of aqua regia, and high corrosion of equipment, and achieve the effects of low cost, small corrosion of equipment, and large crystal particle size

Pending Publication Date: 2020-03-24
安徽胜达化工科技有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The hydrochloric acid by-product of this method is difficult to separate from the raw material nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are mixed together to form aqua regia. Aqua regia is a highly corrosive liquid that is extremely corrosive to equipment. At present, there is no corroded equipment

Method used

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  • Production method of potassium nitrate
  • Production method of potassium nitrate

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] A kind of production method of potassium nitrate, comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1, adding nitric acid solution and magnesium oxide powder (purity: 99.5%) with a mass fraction of 42% in the reactor, reacted for 2.8 hours, then added potassium chloride, reacted for 2.5 hours, and obtained a reaction mixture;

[0036] The molar ratio of nitric acid, magnesium oxide and potassium chloride in the reactant is 1.8:1.4:1;

[0037] S2. Filter the reaction mixture obtained in S1 through a filter, remove impurities, and transport it to the first-stage cooling crystallizer for the first-stage cooling crystallization. The temperature is lowered to 35°C at a rate of 4.1°C / hour, and the potassium nitrate is obtained by centrifuge separation. Crystals and first-level mother liquor, the first-level mother liquor is transported to the second-level cooling crystallizer, and the second-level cooling crystallization is carried out, and the temperature is lowered to minus 12 °C at...

Embodiment 2

[0040] A kind of production method of potassium nitrate, comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1, add the nitric acid solution that the mass fraction is 50% and the magnesite of 91% magnesium oxide content in the reactor, after reacting for 2.2 hours, add potassium chloride again, react for 2.8 hours, obtain the reaction mixture;

[0042] The molar ratio of nitric acid, magnesium oxide and potassium chloride in the reactant is 1.6:1.3:1;

[0043] S2. Filter the reaction mixture obtained in S1 through a filter, remove impurities, and then transport it to a first-stage cooling crystallizer for first-stage cooling crystallization. The temperature is lowered to 31°C at a rate of 4.7°C / hour, and the potassium nitrate is obtained by centrifuge separation. Crystals and first-level mother liquor, the first-level mother liquor is transported to the second-level cooling crystallizer, and the second-level cooling crystallization is performed, and the temperature is lowered to minus 17...

Embodiment 3

[0046] A kind of production method of potassium nitrate, comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1, add the nitric acid solution that mass fraction is 33% and the magnesite of 94% magnesium oxide content in the reactor, react after 2.6 hours, add potassium chloride again, react for 1.8 hours, obtain reaction mixture;

[0048] The mol ratio of nitric acid, magnesium oxide, potassium chloride in the reactant is 1.7:1.2:1;

[0049] S2. Filter the reaction mixture obtained in S1 through a filter, remove impurities, and transport it to a first-stage cooling crystallizer for first-stage cooling crystallization. The temperature is lowered to 38°C at a rate of 3.8°C / hour, and the potassium nitrate is obtained by centrifuge separation. Crystals and first-level mother liquor, the first-level mother liquor is transported to the second-level cooling crystallizer, and the second-level cooling crystallization is performed, and the temperature is lowered to minus 15 °C at a rate of 5.2 °C / h...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of potassium nitrate. The method includes the steps of: adding nitric acid and magnesium oxide into a reactor, carrying out reaction for 2-3h, then adding potassium chloride, and carrying out reaction for 1.5-3h to obtain a reaction mixture; conveying the reaction mixture into a crystallizer for cooling crystallization, and performing separation by a centrifugal machine to obtain potassium nitrate wet crystals and mother liquor; and conveying the potassium nitrate wet crystals to a dryer, and performing drying to obtain potassium nitrate crystals. The potassium nitrate production method provided by the invention adopts nitric acid, potassium chloride and magnesia as the raw materials, and the raw materials are cheap, easily available and low in cost; and the process flow is simple, does not generate corrosive strong acid, and has small equipment corrosion.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of chemical industry, in particular to a production method of potassium nitrate. Background technique [0002] Potassium nitrate is one of the important chemical raw materials, widely used in various fields such as national defense, military industry, industry, agriculture, food additives, medicine, feed additives, optical glass and electronics industry. [0003] The direct production of potassium nitrate is based on the displacement reaction of potassium chloride and nitric acid [0004] KCl+HNO3→KNO3+HCl [0005] The hydrochloric acid by-product of this method is difficult to separate from the raw material nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are mixed together to form aqua regia. Aqua regia is a highly corrosive liquid that is extremely corrosive to equipment. At present, there is no corroded equipment. Contents of the invention [0006] Based on the technical problems existing in the background ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01D9/18C01D9/04C01D9/12
CPCC01D9/04C01D9/12C01D9/18
Inventor 常先进谭帅
Owner 安徽胜达化工科技有限公司
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