Long-distance liquid helium transportation and storage tank pressure regulation and control device

Abstract

The invention provides a long-distance liquid helium transportation and storage tank pressure regulation and control device, and belongs to the technical field of liquid helium storage and transportation. The device comprises a liquid helium storage tank, a safety valve, ball valves, a one-way throttle valve, a Dewar tank, a low-temperature pump, temperature controllers, pressure controllers, a liquid level controller, a flowmeter, a throttle buffer pipe, a capillary pipe throttling main unit and branch units, and has the functions of helium liquid circulation, external throttling, internal throttling, helium and helium liquid recovery and overpressure discharge. In helium liquid circulation, heat exchange is carried out between low-temperature helium liquid at the bottom of the storage tank and upper fluid so as to reduce the temperature and pressure of the storage tank. An external throttling system and an internal throttling system convert pressure energy formed by part of heat leakage and pressure energy provided by the low-temperature pump into cold energy, and the temperature and pressure of the storage tank are further reduced. The problem of overpressure direct discharge of a traditional method is overcome, the pressure of the liquid helium storage tank can be regulated and controlled, the helium discharge loss is reduced, the storage and transportation period of the storage tank is prolonged, and the device has the advantages of being small in external power equipment quantity, simple in process and low in maintenance requirement.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid helium storage and transportation, and in particular relates to a long-distance liquid helium transportation storage tank pressure control device. Background technique [0002] Helium is a scarce strategic resource widely used in important fields such as aerospace, national defense and military industry, scientific research and medical treatment, low-temperature superconductivity, and ocean development. Helium storage and transportation methods include gas-phase and liquid-phase transportation, and the cost of large-scale gas-phase transportation is about 3-4 times that of liquid-phase, so long-distance liquid helium storage tank transportation is generally adopted abroad. However, the temperature of liquid helium under normal pressure is as low as 4.2K, and the temperature difference from the environment is close to 300°C. Although the liquid helium storage tank has taken extremely strict cold pre...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In other technical fields, the pressure regulating devices and characteristics of low-temperature medium storage facilities that can be referred to include: ① Active refrigeration type devices, which use low-temperature refrigerators to provide cold energy to the fluid in the storage tanks to reduce the pressure in the storage tank space, although liquid helium can be realized It can be stored without damage for a long time, but its refrigeration equipment is relatively complicated and its input power consumption is large, which increases transportation costs and maintenance requirements

②The low-temperature expansion refrigeration type device uses an expander to expand and decompress part of the high-pressure gas, and then exchanges heat with the remaining high-pressure gas to condense the expanded gas. When it is applied to a liquid helium storage tank, it still faces a helium recovery process and complex equipment, increased cost and maintenance requirements

Generally speaking, the existing devices and methods have failed to solve the pressure regulation problem of the liquid helium storage tank well, and a new device needs to be proposed to overcome the deficiencies of the existing technology

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