Ultra-precision cutting method based on surface microstructure design

Abstract

The invention provides an ultra-precision cutting method based on surface microstructure design. The method comprises the following steps that rough machining is conducted, redundant materials on a workpiece are removed by utilizing a machine tool, the geometric contour of the workpiece can be prepared for semi-finish machining, and the machining allowance is left on the to-be-machined surface of the workpiece, and the thickness of the machining allowance is micron-sized; semi-finish machining is conducted, a plurality of densely-arranged defect structures are machined on the to-be-machined surface of the workpiece subjected to rough machining through the machine tool, namely, micro structures with the geometric dimensions being micron-scaled or nano-scaled are machined, and the depth of each micro / nano structure is smaller than the machining allowance; and finish machining is conducted, the micro / nano structure machined in the semi-finish machining process and the remaining machining allowance are removed through the machine tool, the cutting depth is equal to the thickness of the machining allowance reserved in the rough machining process, and the designed micro / nano structure is obtained on the to-be-machined face of the workpiece by comprehensively controlling the finish machining process and the semi-finish machining process. Therefore, the ultra-precision machining purposes of controlling the cutting force borne by a cutter in finish machining, reducing heat generated in the cutting process, prolonging the service life of the cutter and obtaining ultra-precision machining with nanoscale surface roughness on materials difficult to machine are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cutting processing, in particular to an ultra-precision cutting method based on surface microstructure design. Background technique [0002] Among the difficult-to-machine materials in the prior art, titanium alloy is a promising high-quality alloy material because of its outstanding advantages such as high strength, low density, good corrosion resistance and low elastic modulus, especially under high temperature conditions. These characteristics can be maintained well, so it has been widely used in aerospace, aviation and medical equipment and other fields. Titanium alloys are generally considered to be difficult-to-machine materials for the following reasons: (1) When machining titanium alloys, a large amount of heat is generated in the workpiece-tool and tool-chip contact areas, due to the low thermal conductivity of titanium alloys, resulting in This area forms a high temperature that is difficult to...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, most of the tools are made of diamond. Since diamond itself is a difficult-to-machine material, it is necessary to process specific micro- and nano-structures on the surface of diamond tools to reduce cutting force, cutting temperature and improve the contact area between the tool and the workpiece. The purpose is very difficult

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