Device and method for assisting laser drilling through cooperation of external axial electric field and lateral airflow

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for cooperatively assisting laser drilling through an external axial electric field and lateral airflow. The device comprises a laser drilling system, an axial electric field assisting unit and a lateral airflow assisting unit, and the laser drilling system is used for micropore machining of a workpiece; the axial electric field auxiliary units are symmetrically installed on the two sides of a workpiece and used for generating an axial electric field near the workpiece, and the axial electric field auxiliary units are coaxial with a laser nozzle of the laser drilling system. The lateral airflow auxiliary device is installed on the left side of the workpiece and used for generating wind field airflow. Through the auxiliary effect of the additional axial electric field, the density of charged particles in the plasma and the motion form of the plasma can be influenced, the barrier effect and scattering effect of the plasma on incident laser are weakened, and the laser utilization efficiency is improved. Through the auxiliary effect of the side blowing airflow, material steam can be blown away, generation of plasma is indirectly reduced, meanwhile, the lateral airflow can accelerate airflow movement on the surface of a workpiece, heat accumulation is avoided, a heat affected zone is reduced, and the laser drilling quality and efficiency are further improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser manufacturing and processing, in particular to a device and a method for assisting laser drilling by applying an axial electric field and a lateral airflow in coordination. Background technique [0002] Laser drilling technology is an important part of laser processing technology. It focuses the heated workpiece by laser, and forms an instantaneous high temperature on the surface of the irradiated material, so that the material is instantly melted or vaporized. At the same time, under the thermal shock of the laser pulse, the material is The process in which the vapors and melts are ejected outward to form micropores. Compared with traditional drilling technology, laser drilling technology has a series of advantages such as no tool loss, high processing efficiency, wide application range, and no environmental restrictions. It is used in aerospace, auto parts, medical equipment, electronic components...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, there are still many defects in the single laser processing microhole technology. For example, during the laser drilling process, the instantaneous high temperature of the laser and the workpiece will cause the material to vaporize and generate steam, and the secondary interaction between the laser and the material vapor will cause ionization, resulting in a large amount of plasma. , produce barrier effects and scattering effects on the incident laser energy, affecting the efficiency of laser processing

At the same time, part of the molten material and spatter will also adhere to the hole wall and re-solidify to form a recast layer with a certain thickness. With the generation of heat-affected zone, it will have an adverse effect on the fatigue life and reliability of parts.

Furthermore, the rapid cooling also caused the existence of thermal stress gradient at the edge of microholes, resulting in the generation of microcracks.

The existence of these defects greatly affects the forming quality and processing efficiency of micro-holes, and it is difficult to meet the increasingly high-precision and high-quality drilling requirements.

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