260results about How to "Reduce refraction" patented technology

A modular, portable, submersible video viewing system. The system includes a viewing monitor, camera and interconnecting multi-conductor cable that store and deploy for underwater viewing. Webs at the camera housing interconnect to cable clips, bottom support plates, a swivel coupler or steering guide and / or pole to control camera orientation. Alternative rudders and / or hydrodynamic ballast weights (with or without a keel) mount to the webs to control camera tracking when towed. A fish-shaped camera is also disclosed. Alternative stationary supports permit directed or “pan” viewing. A multi-aperture reflection suppressor and etched lens mount to the camera and cooperate with an array of LED's to direct light relative to the viewing field of the camera lens. Various sunshields, lights and / or lenses and filters are optionally mountable to the monitor and camera. Alternative monitor housings are disclosed that contain the viewing monitor, battery and attendant control circuitry and camera. Handles, cable wraps, integral and detachable sunshields, and manual and remote motorized cable take-up spools are also disclosed. Video storage / re-play, combinations of switched multi-frequency lights and display modes of depth and temperature at camera, camera direction and water depth are also included.

This invention provides an optical photographing lens assembly comprising, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens with negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface; a second lens with positive refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface; a third lens with positive refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface; a fourth lens with negative refractive power; and a fifth lens with positive refractive power; wherein the optical photographing lens assembly further comprises a stop disposed between the second and third lenses; and wherein the distance on the optical axis between the fourth and fifth lenses is T45, the focal length of the optical photographing lens assembly is f, the number of the lenses with refractive power is N, and they satisfy the relations: 0.10<(T45 / f)*10<6.00, 5≦N≦6.

This invention provides an optical photographing lens assembly comprising, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens with negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface; a second lens with positive refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface; a third lens with positive refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface; a fourth lens with negative refractive power; and a fifth lens with positive refractive power; wherein the optical photographing lens assembly further comprises a stop disposed between the second and third lenses; and wherein the distance on the optical axis between the fourth and fifth lenses is T45, the focal length of the optical photographing lens assembly is f, the number of the lenses with refractive power is N, and they satisfy the relations: 0.10<(T45 / f)*10<6.00, 5≦N≦6.

Disclosed is an optical fiber having a silica-based core comprising an alkali metal oxide selected from the group consisting of K2O, Na2O, LiO2, Rb2O, Cs2O and mixtures thereof in an average concentration in said core between about 50 and 500 ppm by weight, said core further comprising chlorine and fluorine, wherein the average concentration of fluorine in said core is greater than the average concentration of alkali metal oxide in said core and the average concentration of chlorine in said core is greater than the average concentration of alkali metal oxide in said core; and a silica-based cladding surrounding and directly adjacent the core. By appropriately selecting the concentration of alkali metal oxide dopant in the core and the cladding, a low loss optical fiber may be obtained.

A catadioptric imaging system for micro-lithographic projection features a high numerical aperture objective where most of the focusing power is produced by reflection and refraction angles are limited to avoid additional aberration. A field correcting optic is appended to a Mangin mirror in an immersive configuration for raising the numerical aperture. The optical connection between the Mangin mirror and the field correcting optic is arranged to control refraction angles by limiting angles of incidence or refractive index differences. A radially symmetric polarizing effect is achieved in a pupil to improve image contrast.

The optical sensor of the present invention detects both the existence and concentration of substances by changing from light leakage mode to wave guide mode when the sensor is exposed to the substances to be detected. The changes in the mode results in a large change in optical output. This change is measured and the substance is identified and / or measured with high sensitivity.The change in light leakage mode to wave guide mode of the sensor is possible by having a clad material around the core material, with the clad material decreasing in the index of refraction when exposed to the substance to be detected. When the index of refraction of the clad becomes less than that of the core material, the sensor changes from the light leakage mode and operates in the wave guide mode. Changes in light intensity output from the sensor is measured over time, and correlated to the substance to be detected.

A device is provided. The device includes a substrate, a first electrode disposed over the substrate, a small molecule organic emissive layer disposed over the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed over the organic emissive layer. The substrate has a first index of refraction, and the organic emissive layer has a second index of refraction. The first index of refraction is higher than the second index of refraction. The device may have an external electroluminescent efficiency of at least about 56%. Bulky substituents or dopants may be used to decrease the index of refraction and / or the density of the organic emissive layer.

This invention relates to a sputtering target of or including Ti1-xSixOy and / or a method of making a coated article using such a sputtering target. In certain example embodiments, the Ti1-xSixOy may be substoichiometric with respect to oxygen. In certain example embodiments of this invention, the target may include Ti1-xSixOy where x is from about 0.05 to 0.95 (more preferably from about 0.1 to 0.9, and even more preferably from about 0.2 to 0.8, and possibly from about 0.5 to 0.8) and y is from about 0.2 to 1.95 (more preferably from about 0.2 to 1.95, and even more preferably from about 0.2 to 1.90, and possibly from about 1.0 to 1.85). The sputtering target may be sputtered in an atmosphere of or including one or more of Ar, O2 and / or N2 gas(es) in certain example embodiments of this invention.

The invention relates to refractometry and attenuated reflectance spectrometry in a wellbore environment. Specifically, it pertains to a robust apparatus and method for measuring refractive index of fluids along a continuum (rather than in steps), and for measuring attenuated reflectance spectra, and for interpreting the measurements made with this apparatus to determine a variety of formation fluid parameters. The present invention provides a method and apparatus to distinguish between gas and liquid based on the much lower index of refraction of gas. It can also be used to monitor fluid sample clean up over time. The refractive index of a wellbore fluid is determined from the fraction, R, of light reflected off the interface between a transparent window that has a known refractive index and this fluid. Preferably, the refractive index is measured at some wavelength of light for which the fluid is not highly attenuating but is optimally attenuating. The adjacent transmission spectrometer can be used to correct the refractive index measurement for attenuation at those wavelengths, which it monitors. Also, this reflection-based refractometer design can be used as an attenuated reflectance spectrometer at highly attenuating wavelengths.

A microsurgical laser probe primarily used in ophthalmic surgery provides both laser light and illumination light to a surgical site from a single light source. The laser probe has a dual core optic fiber that transmits both laser light and illumination light to the surgical site. A center core of the optic fiber transmits the laser light through the optic fiber and emits the laser light at the surgical site. The center core of the fiber is surrounded by an outer fiber core. The outer fiber core has an interior bore that contains the center core optic fiber. The outer fiber core transmits illumination light through the optic fiber and emits the illumination light at the surgical site.

Proposed is a light-emitting apparatus 200,300,400, comprising a semiconductor light emitting device 220,320,420 and a transparent ceramic body 230,330,430 comprising a wavelength converting material positioned in light receiving relationship to the semiconductor device. The light-emitting apparatus is characterized in that the side surfaces 233,333,433 of the ceramic body 230,330,430 are at an oblique angle 234,334,434 relative its bottom surface 231,331,431. This is especially advantageous to unlock the wave-guide modes inside the body 230,330,430. Consequently the total flux emitted from the light-emitting apparatus 200,300,400 can be enhanced considerably. Alternatively, the brightness of the top surface 232,332,432 of the ceramic body 230,330,430 can be enhanced considerably.

A protective sheath having a closed end and an open end is sized to receive a hand held spectrometer. The spectrometer can be placed in the sheath to calibrate the spectrometer and to measure samples. In a calibration orientation, an optical head of the spectrometer can be oriented toward the closed end of the sheath where a calibration material is located. In a measurement orientation, the optical head of the spectrometer can be oriented toward the open end of the sheath in order to measure a sample. To change the orientation, the spectrometer can be removed from the sheath container and placed in the sheath container with the calibration orientation or the measurement orientation. Accessory container covers can be provided and placed on the open end of the sheath with samples placed therein in order to provide improved measurements.

Methods and apparatus for promoting the growth of an aquatic photosynthetic organism within a growth medium in a photobioreactor may use a luminescent material targeting the aquatic photosynthetic organism in the photobioreactor. The luminescent material may be a substrate with a matrix of conductors coupled to the substrate, and light emitting diodes (“LEDs”) electrically coupled to the matrix of conductors. The aquatic photosynthetic organism in the photobioreactor is exposed to the light emitted by the LEDs.

The invention discloses an LED light source structure, which comprises a bracket, a lens arranged on the upper plane of the bracket and an LED chip encapsulated in a cavity formed by the bracket and the lens. The upper surface of the lens is two connecting semi-ellipsoidal surfaces or semi-spherical surfaces; the two connecting semi-ellipsoidal surfaces or semi-spherical surfaces are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the LED chip and the meeting surface of the two connecting semi-ellipsoidal surfaces or semi-spherical surfaces is a long and narrow surface; two reflex arc-shaped lug bosses are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the short axis extension line located on the semi-ellipsoidal surfaces or the semi-spherical surfaces and fixedly arranged on the upper plane of the bracket. The invention ensures that the light extraction shape of the light emitted by the side surface of the LED chip can be changed through the refraction and reflection of the lens, and the light can gather and be distributed according to a rectangular irradiation surface, thereby reducing the secondary refraction and reflection of the beams, improving light outgoing rate and illumination uniformity, and realizing an irradiation road surface without light spots, dark areas and blinding glares.

The invention provides a thin-layer flow electrolytic cell applicable to electrochemical in-situ Raman spectrum detection. The thin-layer flow electrolytic cell employs the design of a semispherical window; and a solution flows in a right solution channel, a solution chamber and a left solution channel, thereby forming the flow electrolytic cell. Through introduction of the flowing function, the thickness of a solution layer between a working electrode and the window can be substantially reduced, so collection efficiency and detection sensitivity of Raman scattered light are greatly improved while electrochemical measurement is not influenced. Meanwhile, the design of the semispherical window can eliminate the refraction effect of an interface of air and the quartz window, reduce difference between the focus of a laser optical path and the focus of an optical imaging optical path and decreases divergence angles of light, so acquisition efficiency and detection sensitivity of Raman spectra are improved. The thin-layer flow electrolytic cell can monitor dynamic changes of surface adsorbed species in the process of an electrochemical reaction in situ in a wide temperature range and obtains inherent information of surface adsorbed substances related to parameters of reaction kinetics.

A composite material for LED's is provided. The composite material has a coating comprising scattering particles with an index of refraction greater than 1.6.

A film composed of a number of layers having different refractive indices and alternately laminated one upon another has characteristic optical properties by light interference. Conventional films having such structure have problems of poor interlaminar adhesivity and low tear strength. The problems are solved by a film having the following constitution. A biaxially drawn multilayer laminated film composed of alternately laminated 1st layers and 2nd layers at a total layer number of 11 or more. Each layer has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.5 μm. The 1st layer is made of a crystalline thermoplastic resin and the 2nd layer is made of a crystalline thermoplastic resin having a composition different from that of the resin constituting the 1st layer. The maximum light reflectance of the film within the wavelength range of 350 to 2,000 nm is higher than the base line reflectance obtained from a light reflectance curve within the wavelength range of 350 to 2,000 nm by 20% or over.

The present invention discloses a PDLC composition with wide viewing angle. The PDLC composition comprise the following components by weight: 35.0-60.0% of a light curable material, 35.0-65.0% of a liquid crystal material and 0.1-5.0% of a photoinitiator; and the PDLC composition further comprises a spacer accounting for 0.1-0.3% total weight of the PDLC composition. The composition can be used as a dimming material in dimming film or dimming glass, has excellent viewing angle characteristics, and can improve the reduced transmittance of PDLC film surface in the case of side viewing, and can enhance the customer experience.

A high efficiency light emitting diode with a composite high reflectivity layer integral to said LED or package to improve emission efficiency. One embodiment of a light emitting diode (LED) chip comprises a LED and a composite high reflectivity layer integral to the LED to reflect light emitted from the active region. One embodiment of a LED package comprises a LED mounted on a substrate with an encapsulant over said LED and a composite high reflectivity layer arranged to reflect emitted light. The composite layer comprises a plurality of layers such that at least one of said plurality of layers has an index of refraction lower than the encapsulant and a reflective layer on a side of said plurality of layers opposite the LED. In some embodiments, conductive vias are included through the composite layer to allow an electrical signal to pass through the layer to the LED.

A method of improving the visual perception ability of a person by: displaying to the person in at least one evaluation sessions a plurality of images selected to test the visual perception ability of the person with respect to a visual defect, and to elicit responses from the person indicative of the level of the person's visual perception ability with respect thereto; and by utilizing the responses to select another plurality of images designed to treat the person with respect to a detected visual defect; applying training glasses with reduced refraction for the respective eye, and displaying to person another plurality of images in treatment sessions until the visual perception ability of the person has been improved.

The invention relates to a system error calibration method of an ultrashort baseline positioning system. In order to effectively reduce influences of water refraction and measurement gross errors on positional accuracy of the ultrashort baseline positioning system, environment parameter data and ultrashort baseline measurement data are measured so that an intrinsic sound ray between a transponder and an ultrashort baseline array and the included angle between the intrinsic sound ray and a coordinate plane can be calculated, an ultrashort baseline installation angle error angle measurement transformation calibration model is constructed by means of included angle vectors between the intrinsic sound ray and the array and between the intrinsic sound ray and an earth plane, and a gross error resistance least square is adopted to estimate an ultrashort baseline installation angle error according to an observation residual error design gross error resistance weight matrix in the least square solution model equation process. Ultrashort baseline installation angle error solution deviation caused by environment parameter gradient changes in water can be effectively compensated, influences of the gross errors on calibration solution are reduced through gross error resistance weights, and calibration accuracy and consistency of installation angle errors are improved.

The invention provides a prism system and a projector. The prism system comprises a first prism and a second prism, wherein the first prism is coupled with a diamond digital micro mirror device (DMD) chip and provided with three vertical planes; the three vertical planes of the first prism are a first plane, a second plane and a third plane; the first plane is used for receiving incident light at a certain angle and refracting the incident light; the second plane is used for performing total internal reflection on the refracted incident light in the first prism; the third plane is used for refracting the reflected incident light, outputting the refracted incident light to the diamond DMD chip, receiving reflected light output by the diamond DMD chip and outputting the reflected light at different angles according to control of the diamond DMD chip; the second prism is provided with three vertical planes, and one vertical plane is parallel to the second plane; and the second prism is used for receiving the reflected light output by the first prism and outputting the reflected light according to the angle of the reflected light. The prism systems and the projector can be matched with the diamond DMD chip to realize projection.

The invention discloses an LED support comprising a supporting plate. A mounting groove is formed in the side wall of the supporting plate; a first sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the mounting groove; a sliding block is slidably connected in the first sliding groove; a cavity is formed in the supporting plate, and a second sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the cavity; a rack is slidably connected in the second sliding groove and engaged with a gear; the gear is rotationally connected in the cavity; a gear shaft of the gear penetrates through a through hole in the side wallof the cavity and is fixedly connected with a rotary knob; the rotary knob is located on the outer side of the supporting plate; a plurality of inserting holes are formed in the side wall of the rotary knob; and a cylinder is arranged on the outer side of the rotary knob, fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the supporting plate and internally provided with a containing cavity. The situation that an LED lamp is wetted by rainwater in a rainy day is effectively avoided, accordingly, the phenomenon that light received by an LED lamp panel is refracted is reduced, and therefore the LED support is worth popularizing.

The invention provides optical glass moderate in refractive index and low in refractive index temperature coefficient. The glass comprises SiO2, B2O3, La2o3, RO and RnO2, wherein RO is one or more ofMgO, CaO, SrO and BaO, and Rn2O is one or more of Li2O, K2O and Na2O. The refractive index of the optical glass is 1.65-1.73, the abbe number is 47-55, and meanwhile, the glass is low in refractive index temperature coefficient and excellent in anti-crystallization performance and chemical stability.

The invention provides an electronic paper display device with a touch function, which successively comprises a composite transparent electrode layer, an electrophoretic display medium layer contacted with the composite transparent electrode layer, a pixel electrode layer, a power supply and a drive circuit. The composite transparent electrode layer forms the touch electrode layer of the display device; one layer of a transparent electrode layer in the composite transparent electrode layer, the pixel electrode layer and the electrophoretic display medium layer form the display layer of the display device; and the drive circuit is used for detecting the touch position of the composite transparent electrode layer and driving the electrophoretic display medium layer to display. The composite transparent electrode layer is adopted so as to omit the glass base plate of a touch screen and the upper substrate of electronic paper, thus reducing the reflection and refraction processes of lights, ensuring better integrated display effect of the display screen, and not generating flow ring and other optical interferences; and meanwhile, no internal contamination is introduced during the assembling process.

The invention discloses a self-luminous device, which comprises a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, a luminous layer and an insulating layer, wherein the luminous layer is arranged between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer; the insulating layer is arranged between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer or outside the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer; at least one layer body in the insulating layer, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer generates a high refractive index material and low refractive index material mixing structure through a temperature change and / or a pressure change, so that the luminous efficiency is improved. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the self-luminous device and a display device. According to the self-luminous device, the light emitted from the luminous layer can be refracted and / or scattered when passing through the high refractive index material and low refractive index material mixing structure; the light totally reflected on the interface is reduced; and the light transmittance is improved, so that the light extraction efficiency of the self-luminous device is effectively improved; meanwhile, processing and production are carried out by the temperature change and / or the pressure change; the production cost is low; and the self-luminous device is suitable for mass production.