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Alumina-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof

A technology of alumina nanometer and nanofiber, which is applied to ceramic products, other household appliances, climate change adaptation, etc. It can solve the problems of airgel shrinkage, cracking, high temperature heat insulation performance, and high material density, and achieve overall strength improvement, Good heat insulation performance at high temperature and low density

Active Publication Date: 2022-08-05
AEROSPACE INST OF ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSING TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the cracking of nanoparticle-like carbon aerogels prepared by traditional organic precursors at high temperatures, the particle nodes are rearranged during the weight loss process of nanoparticles, resulting in a large shrinkage of the aerogel, resulting in high material density, cracking and high-temperature insulation. Problems such as poor thermal performance

Method used

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  • Alumina-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof
  • Alumina-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof
  • Alumina-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof

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[0032] The present invention provides, in a first aspect, a method for preparing an alumina-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material, the method comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) Mix the alumina nano-powder and the sulfuric acid solution evenly with water to obtain a mixed solution, and then place the mixed solution at 150-300° C. for a hydrothermal reaction for 12-18 hours (for example, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18h) to obtain a gel; in the present invention, the gel is a semi-solid gel; the present invention has no special restrictions on the source of the alumina nano-powder, and a product that can be directly purchased on the market can be used; In the invention, for example, the alumina nano-powder and the sulfuric acid solution are uniformly mixed with water by stirring (such as magnetic stirring) and / or ultrasonic. The sulfuric acid solution can be mixed evenly in water; specifically, for example, it can be magnetically stirred for 1 to 24 hours, and then ...

Embodiment 1

[0060] ①Mix alumina nanopowder with a particle size range of 10-15nm and a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 10mmol / L in deionized water, first magnetically stir for 1h, and then ultrasonicate for 1h to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture; in the mixture , the mass percentage of the alumina nano-powder is 8%, and the amount of the sulfuric acid solution accounts for 1% of the total weight of the mixed solution.

[0061] ② The above mixed solution was placed in a closed container and subjected to a hydrothermal reaction at 230° C. for 12 hours to obtain a semi-solid gel.

[0062] ③ The above gel was aged at 60° C. in an unsealed environment for 2 hours to obtain an aged gel.

[0063] ④ The above-mentioned aged gel was placed in DMSO for solvent replacement, and 10 times the volume of aged gel was replaced with DMSO once, and the replacement time was 24h.

[0064] ⑤ Soak the gel after solvent replacement in step ④ in a Kevlar nanofiber dispersion liquid with a concent...

Embodiment 2

[0071] Embodiment 2 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that:

[0072] ①Mix alumina nanopowder with a particle size range of 10-15nm and a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 10mmol / L in deionized water, first magnetically stir for 1h, and then ultrasonicate for 1h to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture; in the mixture , the mass percentage of the alumina nano-powder is 5%, and the amount of the sulfuric acid solution accounts for 0.8% of the total weight of the mixed solution.

[0073] ⑤ Soak the gel after solvent replacement in step ④ in a Kevlar nanofiber dispersion liquid with a concentration of 3% for 96 hours; the Kevlar nanofiber dispersion liquid uses DMSO as a solvent, and the Kevlar nanofiber dispersion liquid uses DMSO as a solvent. The volume dosage of 4 is 3 times the volume of the gel after solvent replacement in step ④.

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Abstract

The invention relates to an alumina-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material and a preparation method thereof.The method comprises the steps that alumina nano powder and a sulfuric acid solution are evenly mixed with water, a mixed solution is obtained, then the mixed solution is placed at the temperature of 150-300 DEG C for a hydrothermal reaction for 12-18 h, and gel is obtained; aging the gel to obtain aged gel; carrying out solvent replacement on the aged gel by adopting DMSO (Dimethylsulfoxide) as a solvent; soaking the gel subjected to solvent replacement in a Kevlar nanofiber dispersion liquid for 24 to 96 hours; sequentially carrying out solvent replacement and supercritical drying on the impregnated gel, so as to prepare an aluminum oxide-Kevlar nanofiber aerogel material; and carrying out high-temperature cracking on the aluminum oxide-Kevlar nanofiber aerogel material, so as to prepare the aluminum oxide-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material. The aluminum oxide-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material which is good in temperature resistance, tough, low in density, efficient in heat insulation and resistant to radiation is obtained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerogel preparation, in particular to an alumina-carbon composite nanofiber aerogel material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Nanoporous aerogel (abbreviated as aerogel) material is a kind of gel material whose dispersion medium is gas. The size of pores in materials is on the order of nanometers. Its porosity is as high as 80~99.8%, the typical size of pores is 1~100nm, and the specific surface area is 200~1000m 2 / g, while the density can be as low as 3kg / m 3 , the room temperature thermal conductivity can be as low as 0.012W / (m·k). It is precisely because of these characteristics that aerogel materials have broad application potential in thermal, acoustics, optics, microelectronics, and particle detection. At present, the most widely used field of aerogel is still the field of thermal insulation, because the unique nanostructure of aerogel can effectively reduce conve...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B35/117C04B35/80C04B35/624C04B38/00
CPCC04B35/117C04B35/80C04B35/624C04B38/0045C04B2235/5248C04B2235/5454C04B2235/77C04B2235/9607C04B38/0067C04B38/0074Y02P20/54
Inventor 张恩爽李文静徐沛王子宁刘韬张昊张凡
Owner AEROSPACE INST OF ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSING TECH
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