Gettering device for ion capture
An ion and ion source technology, applied in the field of receiving devices for capturing ions, can solve the problems of Heller method limitation, unsuitable electrophoresis system, unsuitable for bad environment, etc.
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Embodiment 1
[0180] Example 1: Synthesis of Leu-enkephalin epitope
[0181] background
[0182] Endorphins are small natural peptides (about 20-40 amino acids) that bind to opiate receptors in the brain. It is known that the activity of endorphin mainly comes from the last 5 amino acids in the peptide. The pentapeptide at this end is called an enkephalin.
[0183] Immunofluorescence techniques for the detection of Leu-enkephalin epitopes followed standard detection protocols. See, eg, F. M. Ausubel et al., Short Protocols in Molecular Biology, Third Edition, Volume 14, pp. 14-23 (1995). The assay requires a primary antibody, such as the 3-E7 monoclonal antibody, and a secondary antibody-fluorochrome conjugate specific to the source of the primary antibody, such as goat anti-mouse fluorescent conjugate. The 3-E7 antibody is an anti-endorphin mouse monoclonal antibody that binds Leu-enkephalin. Both antibodies in this technology are available from Boehringer Mannheim Biochemicals, ...
Embodiment 2
[0213] Embodiment 2: Combinatorial synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid
[0214] background
[0215] The monomeric units that combine to synthesize DNA are called phosphoramidites. Phosphoramidites are linked by phosphodiester bonds into a single-stranded nucleic acid polymer. Because the phosphorus in it is protected by cyanoethyl ether during synthesis, these linkages are phosphotriester linkages. This cyanoethyl group can be removed with a base at the end of the synthesis to give a phosphodiester bond. Phosphoramidites have two ends, the 3' end and the 5' end. The 3' end of one phosphoramidite is coupled to the 5' end of the other phosphoramidite. Typically, the 3' end is immobilized on a solid support and the 5' end is modified with another phosphoramidite to initiate the synthesis cycle. The 5' end is a hydroxyl group that can be protected with dimethyltrimethylphenyl (DMT). The DMT group is an acid labile protecting group.
[0216] There are 4 natural deoxyribonucle...
Embodiment 3 and comparative Embodiment 4
[0229] Document the result - take a photo
[0230] Photomicrographs were taken with an Olympus BX60 microscope and a Pulmx TM-745 integrating CCD camera. A data translation DT3155 video capture card running on a Pentium personal computer is used to control the camera and capture images. Those skilled in the art can write software to control the DT3155 card.
[0231] Most photomicrographs were taken with a 10x objective, which allowed 16 electrodes to be seen per image: however, for evaluation purposes, images were sometimes cropped to focus on the activity of the electrode of interest. Sometimes a 4x objective is also used. Two photomicrographs were taken. Some were shot with white light lighting. In these photos, the electrodes appear reflective. For example Figure 14 . Most photomicrographs were taken with epifluorescence illumination. In these photographs, the uncoated, i.e., no fluorescent coating, electrodes are dark because metal electrodes such as palladium e...
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