Apparatus and process for producing acetylene by low-temperature plasmochemical pyrolysis of natural gas

A low-temperature plasma and plasma technology, applied in the field of ion chemistry, can solve problems such as low natural gas conversion rate, and achieve the effects of reducing local ablation, improving stability and prolonging life.

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-05-11
INST OF METAL RESEARCH - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although low-temperature plasma can better control the reaction process, the stability of the equipment is higher than that of high-temperature DC arc, but the conversion rate of natural gas is relatively low, and the single-pass yield of acetylene is less than 40%.

Method used

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  • Apparatus and process for producing acetylene by low-temperature plasmochemical pyrolysis of natural gas
  • Apparatus and process for producing acetylene by low-temperature plasmochemical pyrolysis of natural gas
  • Apparatus and process for producing acetylene by low-temperature plasmochemical pyrolysis of natural gas

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0039] Example 1 Effect of Reaction Chamber Size on Plasma Operating Voltage and Power Supply Efficiency

[0040] Under the condition of constant arc current, as the diameter of the reaction chamber increases, the plasma operating voltage increases significantly, and at the same time, the power supply efficiency also increases due to the increase of the operating voltage. When the hydrogen flow rate is 200L / min, the methane flow rate is 400L / min, and the arc current is maintained at 40A, the diameter of the reaction chamber is increased from 10mm to 20mm, and the plasma operating voltage can be increased from 1050V to 1700V. At the same time, the power supply efficiency is also increased from 75%. increased to 85%.

Embodiment 2

[0041] Embodiment 2 The influence of plasma working gas composition and gas flow rate on voltage and power supply efficiency

[0042] With the increase of the proportion of methane in the plasma working gas or the increase of the total flow rate of the gas, the arc voltage increases obviously. For a reaction chamber with a diameter of 15mm, the hydrogen flow rate of the microwave plasma working gas is 200L / min, the microwave power is 12kW, and the total flow rate of the conventional plasma working gas is 400L / min. If the methane flow rate in the conventional plasma working gas is increased from 0L / min to 400L / min, when the arc current is 30A, the voltage increases from 850V to 1700V, and when the arc current is 50A, the voltage increases from 650V to 1400V.

[0043] Also for a reaction chamber with a diameter of 15mm, using hydrogen as the plasma working gas, the flow rate of the microwave plasma gas remains unchanged at 200L / min, the flow rate of the conventional plasma work...

Embodiment 3

[0044] Example 3 Effect of Microwave Power on Electrode Ablation Rate

[0045] When other working conditions remain unchanged, the combined use of microwave plasma and conventional plasma can significantly reduce the ablation rate of the anode, and at the same time make the ablation of the anode more uniform, thereby further improving the service life of the anode. When the ratio of microwave power to conventional power is 1:10, the anode ablation rate can be reduced from 5.8g / hr to 3.7g / hr.

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Abstract

A low-temperature plasma chemical reactor for producing ethyne by cracking natural gas and its process are disclosed. The reactor consists of microwave plasma torch and DC plasma exciting mechanism. The external conductor of the microwave plasma torch is of hollow structure, of which outlet forms a nozzle, the DC plasma exciting mechanism consists of external conductor, conductive pipe corresponding to the external conductor nozzle, the cavity of the conductive pipe as reacting chamber , the external conductor as cathode, the conductive pipe as anode, with the conductive pipe connected with DC electric source by choking structure. The process is carried out by: microwave plasma entering into DC plasma exciting mechanism; 2) microwave plasma forming normal DC plasma under the action of the DC electric source, and natural gas cracking to obtain ethyne. It achieves long life and high efficiency.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of plasma chemistry, in particular to a low-temperature plasma chemical reaction device and process suitable for direct conversion of natural gas into acetylene. Background technique [0002] Acetylene is the basic raw material of organic chemical industry, and the traditional method is to prepare acetylene by hydrolysis of calcium carbide. Due to the serious environmental pollution of the calcium carbide method, the industry is currently exploring the preparation method of acetylene on the one hand, and on the other hand developing and utilizing ethylene as a process route for organic chemicals. [0003] Natural gas is an energy source with abundant reserves in nature. In recent years, due to the dwindling of petroleum resources and the instability of the petroleum market, how to efficiently convert natural gas into high value-added chemical products is a research topic of great concern to the academic and industria...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07C4/02C07C11/24
Inventor 杨永进张劲松徐兴祥孙家言
Owner INST OF METAL RESEARCH - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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