92 results about "Microwave plasma torch" patented technology

The present invention relates to a synthesis method of carbon nanotubes, and more particularly to an apparatus for a mass synthesis of carbon nanotubes in gas phase using an atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma torch. The method and apparatus is described for the continuous production of carbon nanotubes by making use of a microwave plasma torch operated at a frequency of 2.45 GHz, by introducing a transition metal catalyst precursor and a carbon containing gas into the microwave plasma torch to produce atomized catalyst metal and to decompose the carbon containing gas, by passing the resulting gaseous mixtures through a furnace, and by quenching rapidly and collecting the products so formed at the exit of the furnace. The resultant products are the carbon nanotubes.

Disclosed herein is a method to produce multiphase composite materials directly from solution precursor droplets by a fast pyrolysis process using a microwave plasma embodiment containing a microwave generating source, a dielectric plasma torch, and a droplet maker. Here, using homogenous solution precursors, droplets are generated with a narrow size distribution, and are injected and introduced into the microwave plasma torch with generally uniform thermal path. The generally uniform thermal path in the torch is achieved by axial injection of droplets into an axisymmetric hot zone with laminar flows. Upon exposing to high temperature within the plasma with controlled residence time, the droplets are pyrolyzed and converted into particles by quenching with a controlled rate of the exhaust gas in a gas chamber. The particles generated have generally uniform sizes and uniform thermal history, and can be used for a variety of applications.

The invention provides a waveguide direct-feed-type microwave plasma torch device which comprises a waveguide portion, a tuning and auxiliary portion and a coaxial torch tube portion. The waveguide portion comprises a gradual-changing-type waveguide and a narrow-edge compression waveguide. The coaxial torch tube portion comprises an outer tube, a middle tube, an inner tube, a regulating stud and a coaxial centering washer. The tuning and auxiliary portion comprises a waveguide short-circuit sliding end, a torch tube reflection tuning end and a torch tube upper portion regulating end. The waveguide short-circuit sliding end comprises a waveguide short-circuit plate and a sliding rod. The torch tube reflection tuning end comprises the regulating stud and a reflection plate. The gradual-changing-type waveguide and the narrow-edge compression waveguide are directly fed into the metal coaxial torch tube, a formed plasma has a central channel so that a sample can be conveniently led into the plasma, and meanwhile bearing capacity for the sample is intensified. The device eliminates a coaxial cable, a coupling ring and the like, improves coupling efficiency, and expands the use power of the torch tube. The device can be used as an ionization source of an atomizer and an ionization source of an atom mass spectrum or used for decomposition and treatment of harmful chemicals and rubbish.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating flames and more particularly to the microwave plasma burner for generation of high-temperature plasma flame by injecting gaseous, liquid or solid-powder hydrocarbon-fuels into plasma generated by microwaves. The invention provides a compact and portable apparatus for generating plasma flame. The apparatus includes a magnetron, an electrical power supplier, a waveguide system, a microwave power monitering system, stub tuners, a discharge tube, a gas supply system, a plasma ignitor and a fuel supply system. The method and apparatus is described for generation of a large volume of high-temperature plasma by injecting gaseous, liquid or solid-powder hydrocarbon-fuels into the microwave plasma torch to decompose the hydrogen and carbon containing fuels, and to mix the resultant gaseous hydrogen and carbon compounds with air or oxygen gas, instantaneously generating a large volume of high-temperature flames.

A large power microwave plasma torch includes a tuned coaxial resonator, a rectangular waveguide with a wavequide / coaxial converting device to be structure blocked up and down by a door-knob block a door-knob structure locked up and down by a door-knob block and a medium line and con closely with top bottom surfaces of the rectangular wavequide, the said resonator is composed of an top and bottom cavities coaxial with the converter and placed at either side of the waveguide and the converter, one end of the inner conductor is plug in the low cavity, the other end passes through the medium single line, door-knob block and the up cavity, a resonator sort circuit piston is set along the axial line between inner and outer conductors, one end of the waveguide is set with a micro wave source and a waveguid a microwave source and a waveguide shout circuit piston at the other.

The invention discloses a microwave plasma ignition device, which comprises a microwave resonance cavity, a quartz glass tube plasma generating area, a tangential air supply device and a coal dust flow blowing-in device. The coal dust flow blowing-in device axially blows coal dust flow into the microwave plasma generating area in a quartz glass tube; when the input microwave power exceeds a critical value, the microwave plasma generating area generates initial ionization under the excitation of micro coal dust in the coal dust flow, and the initial ionization is transited to the whole quartz glass tube through avalanche effect so as to form a microwave plasma torch. Meanwhile, the coal dust flow is ignited to form a coal dust microwave plasma torch and is blown out from the upper end of the quartz glass tube along the axial direction of the quartz glass tube. The coal dust and the microwave plasma are mutually acted so as to raise the temperature of the output torch of the ignition device, increase the ignition, combustion support and combustion stabilization capabilities of the microwave plasma ignition device and meanwhile overcome the defects that the microwave plasma torch is excited by coaxial inner conductors in the microwave plasma generating area and the high-temperature plasma torch melts the coaxial inner conductors due to long time.

The invention provides a microwave plasma torch device which comprises a cavity part, a microwave coupling part and a tuning part. The cavity part comprises an inner tube, a middle tube and an outer tube, wherein the inner tube, the middle tube and the outer tube are successively coaxially arranged from the inside out. One end of the cavity part is open. The tuning part is arranged on the other end to adjust the field strength of the open end. A microwave coupling opening is arranged in the side wall of the outer tube. The microwave coupling part and the cavity part are in microwave coupling through the microwave coupling opening. A first microwave resonant cavity is formed between the outer tube and the middle tube. A porous pad which is used for coaxially fixing the inner tube and the middle tube is arranged between the inner tube and the middle tube. The first microwave resonant cavity couples microwave into a space between the inner tube and the middle tube through the open end of the cavity part to form a second microwave resonant cavity. The upper surface of the porous pad is the reflective surface of the second microwave resonant cavity. The microwave plasma torch device provided by the invention has the advantages of wide application power range and excellent plasma gas stability, and further avoids a series of problems caused by superposition of high-strength electric field pyrogenicity and a plasma heat source.

The invention provides a self-tuning microwave plasma torch and a self-tuning device of the self-tuning microwave plasma torch. The microwave plasma torch (4) comprises a coupled antenna (5) and a regulating part (6). The self-tuning device comprises a microwave source, a control module (2) and a transmission device (3). The microwave source is connected with the coupled antenna (5). The regulating part (6) is connected with the transmission device (3). The transmission device (3) is connected with the control module (2). The control module (2) is connected with the microwave source. The microwave source generates a microwave electromagnetic field to provide microwave energy for the microwave plasma torch (4) and acquires feedback information of the microwave plasma torch (4) from the coupled antenna (5) at the same time; the microwave source extracts a reflection power value from the feedback information and feeds back the reflection power value to the control module (2); the control module sends a control signal to the transmission device (3) according to the reflection power value and a preset parameter relation curve, and the transmission device (3) drives the regulating part (6) to move.

A coaxial microwave plasma torch, comprising, an outside conductor (1) formed in a cylindrical shape, a cylindrical electric discharge tube (3) fixedly inserted into an axial hole (2) formed in the outside conductor on one end face (4) side, and a coaxial cable (6) having one end fitted to the other end face of the outside conductor. An antenna (9) electrically connected to an inside conductor (8) is fitted to the one end of the coaxial cable and extended into the electric discharge tube through a through-hole (11) axially passed through between the other end face (5) of the outside conductor and the bottom ice of the axial hole. The outside conductor (7) of the coaxial cable is electrically connected to the outside conductor, and a gas inlet pipeline (13) supplying a gas into the electric discharge tube is fitted in the outside conductor.

A method for processing feed material to produce dense and spheroidal products is described. The feed material is comprised of powder particles from the spray-drying technique or solution precursor droplets from ceramic or metallic materials. The feed material is processed using plasma generated from a microwave. The microwave plasma torch employed is capable of generating laminar flow during processing which allows for the production of spheroidal particles with a homogenous materials distribution. This results in products having improved thermal properties, improved corrosion and wear resistance and a higher tolerance to interface stresses.

The invention provides a microwave plasma torch ionization source and an ionization mass spectrometry analysis method. The ionization source comprises a microwave plasma torch tube and a sampling system which are horizontally and coaxially placed, wherein an open end is arranged at the head of the microwave plasma torch tube and is toward an ion transport pipe opening of a mass spectrometry scanner; the sampling system is connected with the tail part of the microwave plasma torch tube; and a spray sampling device is adopted by the sampling system. Mass spectrometry analysis is carried out by cooperation of the microwave plasma torch ionization source and the mass spectrometry scanner. A traditional pneumatic atomizing desolvation device is replaced with the spray sampling device, so that the structure of an ionization source device is simple, the ionization efficiency is high, the sample consumption during ionization analysis is low, the analysis speed is high and the analysis cost is significantly reduced for high-cost or rare samples.

The invention discloses a method for treating waste by adopting a microwave plasma torch. The method comprises the following steps: pretreatment of waste, namely preparing solid waste, liquid waste and gaseous waste, and crushing the solid waste by virtue of a crushing device; and pyrolysis, namely generating a plasma torch by carrying out ionization on gas by utilizing a microwave plasma generation device, and carrying out the pyrolysis on the pre-treated waste by virtue of the plasma torch, wherein organic matters in the waste are pyrolyzed into micromolecular substances such as C, H2, CO, and CH4, and inorganic matters in the waste are molten at the high temperature to form a matter in a glass state. According to the method, the waste is pyrolyzed by virtue of the plasma torch generated by the microwave plasma generation device, the waste is pyrolyzed into the micromolecular substances, such as carbon oxide, carbon powder, methane, and hydrogen, and the matter in the glass state, no harmful matter is generated in the treatment process, the secondary pollution for the environment is avoided, the treatment procedure is simple, and the efficiency is relatively high.

The invention discloses a gas-phase reaction buffer chamber based on an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma torch, and belongs to the field of plasma technology and environmental chemistry application. The gas-phase reaction buffer chamber comprises a gas injection part, a buffer chamber, a gas-pressure meter and an exhaust pump; the buffer chamber is arranged above the gas injection part, and the top of the buffer chamber is connected with the gas-pressure meter and the exhaust pump; the gas injection part comprises a rectangular waveguide, a movable metal baffle, a buffer chamber flange and a discharge tube, working gas is introduced into the discharge tube to form a vortex gas flow field, and the working gas in the discharge tube is induced by a microwave electric field to be ionizedto form microwave plasma discharge. Certain working air pressure is kept in the buffer chamber, so that the plasma torch is kept in a stable discharge state. According to the invention, the plasma density and the electron temperature in the interaction area of the plasma and the gas can be increased, the chemical reaction rate of the plasma gas-phase reaction can be further improved, and the gas introduced into the discharge tube can completely and fully participate in the plasma chemical reaction.

The invention provides a solid sample direct introduction device of a microwave plasma torch spectrometer. The solid sample direct introduction device mainly includes pulsed laser system, an imaging positioning system, a sample processing system, a position regulating system and an air path switching system. Through the adoption of the solid sample direct introduction device disclosed by the invention, the direct sampling analysis of solid samples comprising biological samples, metallic materials and the like can be realized, besides, the device is suitable for sampling regular sample surfaces and irregular sample surfaces, direct laser ablation sampling can atomize all the elements, and the device can be used for full elementary analysis of the microwave plasma torch spectrometer. The device can be applied to many existing fields of metallurgy, medical inspection, life science, agriculture, food safety detection, forestry, environmental monitoring, biological identification, medicolegal expertise and the like. The device disclosed by the invention is reasonable in design, and can be used for direct sample introduction for the solid samples, the pretreatment steps of the samples are decreased, requirements for the material state of the samples are lower, and the device satisfies user demands.

The invention discloses a technological method for preparing LTCC amorphous glass ceramic powder with a microwave plasma torch. The technological method comprises the following steps: mixing raw materials of glass, ball milling, drying, and granulating into particles with diameters of 1-3mm, and sintering into ceramic balls at 650-850DEG C; and rapidly fusing the hot ceramic balls into glass droplets through the microwave plasma torch with the temperature of 3000-5000DEG C, falling into deionized water, chilling to obtain an amorphous glass ceramic material with the particle size of 15-500mum, carrying out wet ball milling, and drying to a product the LTCC amorphous glass ceramic powder. According to the invention, methods for fusing glass with platinum and ceramic crucibles in traditional technologies are abandoned, and the glass droplets are in a suspending state in the process of fusing with the microwave plasma torch and do not contact with any vessels, so the technological methodof the invention which has the advantages of guarantee of the glass purity, convenient operation, uniform glass chilling, obvious effect better than the traditional technologies, good product consistency, and good economy is in favor of the large scale production.

Arc plasma torch generated by a torch module installed on the bottom wall in the narrow section of a tapered S-band rectangular cavity, is used to seed microwave discharge where the microwave electric field is maximum. This tapered cavity is designed to support TE103 mode. With seeding, only low Q cavity and moderate microwave power (time average power of 700 W) are needed. The microwave-enhanced discharge increases the size, cycle energy, and duty cycle of the seeding arc-torch plasma considerably. This torch can be run stably without introducing gas flow or run just using airflow. Adding airflow can increase not only the size of the torch plasma but also its cycle energy, which may reach a plateau of about 12 J/per cycle for the airflow rate exceeding 0.393 l/s. This microwave plasma torch may have a radius of about 1.25 cm or more, a height of about 5 cm, and a peak electron density exceeding 5*10<13>cm<-3>. This torch may produce an abundance of reactive atomic oxygen, and therefore may be used in applications for rapidly destroying a broad spectrum of chemical and biological warfare (CBW) agents.

The invention belongs to the technical field of high purity poly-silicon preparation, which particularly relates to a method for preparing high-purity silicon powder through a microwave plasma torch technology. The method adopts a microwave plasma torch to separate mixed gas of uniformed mixed high-purity raw gas and diluent gas, high-purity silicon powder is obtained after the separation of gas and powder, ingot casting or monocrystal pulling is performed in a vacuum melting furnace, so that high-purity silicon ingot is obtained, residual gas is conducted to tail gas treatment, separated raw gas is reused, and obtained chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas is prepared into side products. The method can be performed in the atmosphere, reduces the time and energy consumption during vacuum melting, is energy-saving and efficient, has less process steps and reduces the level of pollution from exogenous impurity, the purity of obtained silicon powder is high, produced tail gas can be reused and prepared into side products, the energy waste is reduced, and the environment is protected.