Process for making graft copolymers
a technology of copolymer and graft, which is applied in the field of making graft copolymer, can solve the problems of polyvinylidene fluoride being unstable, unable to achieve homogeneous dispersion of fluorinated vinyl compound in polymer, and unable to achieve homogeneous dispersion of fluorinated vinyl compound
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example 1
Grafting of PSEPVE onto Polyethylene in Solution
[0057] A 500 mL 3-neck round bottom flask, provided with condenser, gas inlet, thermocouple, addition funnel, and magnetic stirring was charged under N.sub.2 atmosphere with the following: 10 grams of polyethylene (Novapol.RTM. low density polyethylene from NOVA Chemicals of Calgary, AB, Canada), 300 mL of chlorobenzene (Aldrich), and 20 grams of PSEPVE made according to Connolly et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,282,875. The flask was placed in an oil bath at 90.degree. C. and the mixture was stirred until all of the polyethylene dissolved. Then, a solution of 1 g benzoyl peroxide in 20 mL of chlorobenzene was added drop-wise through the addition funnel during a one hour period. The reaction mixture was stirred continuously at 90.degree. C. for a total of 6 hours.
[0058] After the reaction time, the mixture was diluted with 80 mL of chlorobenzene and precipitated into methanol. The polymer obtained was filtered through a glass fritted funnel and...
examples 16-19
Grafting of PSEPVE onto Polyethylene in a Swollen State
[0062] Four 50 mL Schlenk tubes were each charged with the following: 5 g of porous polyethylene granules (Spherilene.RTM. linear low density polyethylene from Montell USA Inc. of Wilmington, Del.), 0.5 g of t-butyl peroxide (Aldrich), and 5 mL PSEPVE. In addition three of the tubes were charged with 3, 5, and 10 mL quantities of chlorobenzene. The tubes were evacuated and purged with nitrogen four times and then heated to 120.degree. C. for 8 hours under nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature the polymer granules were filtered off and placed in soxhlet extractors where they were extracted with acetone for 8 hours to remove any traces of monomer or solvent. Finally the samples were dried in a vacuum oven at 60.degree. C. for 48 hours.
[0063] Under these reaction conditions the polymer granules did not dissolve in the reaction mixture but were swollen to different extents. The amount of grafted monomer increased dr...
example 20
[0064] A 600 mL stainless steel Parr pressure reactor (from Parr Instrument Co, Moline, Ill.) was charged with 10 g of polyethylene (Novapol.RTM. low density polyethylene from NOVA Chemicals of Calgary, AB, Canada), 200 mL of o-dichlorobenzene (Aldrich), and 15 g of perfluoro(3-oxa-4-pentene sulfonyl fluoride) prepared according to the method described in Ezzell et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,358,545. The reactor was purged and vented three times with nitrogen (100 psig) and then heated to 120.degree. C. for 1 hour under autogenous pressure (.about.15 psig) to dissolve the polyethylene. Then a solution containing 2 g of t-butyl peroxide in 50 mL of o-dichlorobenzene was pumped into the reactor at 0.5 mL / min. The reaction mixture was stirred at 500 rpm and 120.degree. C. for a total of 8 hours. Finally the reactor was allowed to cool down and remain overnight at room temperature without stirring.
[0065] After discharging the reactor, the reaction mixture was first heated to redissolve the po...
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