Chlorine-containing gas generant compositions including a copper-containing chlorine scavenger

a technology of chlorine scavenger and chlorine-containing gas, which is applied in the direction of inorganic oxygen-halogen salt explosive compositions, weapons, explosives, etc., can solve the problems that the prior art generally fails to provide chlorine-containing gas generant compositions, and achieve the effect of improving inflation gas and increasing heat and oxygen

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-01-27
AUTOLIV ASP INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The prior art generally fails to provide a chlorine-containing gas generant composition that takes advantage of the increased heat and oxygen provided by utilizing ammonium perchlorate as an oxidizer without increasing undesirable gaseous and particulate combustion byproducts in the inflation gas stream.
Particularly, the prior art fails to provide a chlorine-containing gas generant that utilizes ammonium perchlorate and a copper-containing compound that produces a filterable metal chloride to remove hydrogen chloride from a gaseous effluent resulting in an improved inflation gas.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

A chlorine-containing gas generant composition, Example 1, in accordance with the invention and a chlorine-free gas generant composition, Comparative Example 1, having the same equivalence ratio were prepared as shown in TABLE 1.

TABLE 1Compound (wt %)Example 1Comparative Example 1Ammonium perchlorate20.00—Guanidine nitrate46.5742.95Copper diammine dinitrate29.3551.95Silicon dioxide4.085.10Total:100.00100.00Equivalence ratio1.01.0

Each gas generant composition was pressed into 0.25 inch diameter by 0.070 inch thick tablets. Thereafter, each gas generant composition was tested by combusting 30 grams of tablets in a test apparatus into a 60-liter tank. The resulting gaseous effluent was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify and quantify the trace species present in the effluent. The residual particles were analyzed using x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRF) to identify and quantify the metal species present in the residual particles.

The gas generan...

example 2

A chlorine-containing gas generant composition, Example 2, in accordance with the invention and a chlorine-free gas generant composition, Comparative Example 2, having about the same equivalence ratio were prepared as shown in TABLE 3.

TABLE 3Compound (wt %)Example 2Comparative Example 2Ammonium perchlorate3.00—Guanidine nitrate48.8750.38Basic copper nitrate45.2246.62Silicon dioxide0.290.30Aluminum oxide2.622.70Total100.00100.00Equivalence ratio1.041.02

Each gas generant composition was formed into tablets having a diameter of 0.25 inches and a thickness of 0.070 inches. The gas generant compositions were tested by combusting 42 grams of tablets in a standard passenger inflator into a 100 cubic foot tank. The resulting gaseous effluent was tested by FTIR to identify and quantify the trace species present in the effluent.

Based upon past experience, it was expected that the gas generant composition of Example 2 would produce a gaseous effluent with an increase in nitrogen oxides c...

example 3

A chlorine-containing gas generant composition, Example 3 in accordance with the invention and a standard chlorine-free gas generant composition, Comparative Example 3, that is similar were prepared as shown in Table 5.

The burn rate date, as shown in Table 5 below, was obtained by first pressing samples of the respective gas generant compositions into the shape or form of a 0.5 inch diameter cylinder using a hydraulic press (12,000 lbs. force). Typically, enough powdered composition was used to result in a cylinder length of 0.5 inch. The cylinders were then each coated on all surfaces except the top surface with a krylon ignition inhibitor to help ensure a linear burn in the test apparatus. In each case, the so-coated cylinders were placed in a 1-liter closed vessel or test chamber capable of being pressurized to several thousand psi with nitrogen and equipped with a pressure transducer for accurate measurement of test chamber pressure. A small sample of igniter powder was place...

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Abstract

A chlorine-containing gas generant composition and a related method for generating an inflation gas for use in an inflatable restraint system are provided. The chlorine-containing gas generant composition includes a nitrogen-containing fuel such as guanidine nitrate, ammonium perchlorate oxidizer, and a chlorine scavenger present in an amount effective to result in a gaseous effluent that is substantially free of hydrogen chloride when the gas generant is combusted, wherein at least about 98 weight percent of the chlorine scavenger is a copper-containing compound such as a copper nitrate complex, basic copper nitrate, cupric oxide or a combination thereof.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates generally to gas generant compositions having improved effluent and, more particularly, to chlorine-containing gas generant compositions including a copper-containing chlorine scavenger compound. It is well known to protect a vehicle occupant using a cushion or bag, e.g., an “airbag cushion” that is inflated or expanded with a gas when a vehicle experiences a sudden deceleration, such as in the event of a collision. Such airbag restraint systems normally include: one or more airbag cushions, housed in an uninflated and folded condition to minimize space requirements; one or more crash sensors mounted on or to the frame or body of the vehicle to detect sudden deceleration of the vehicle; an activation system electronically triggered by the crash sensors; and an inflator device that produces or supplies a gas to inflate the airbag cushion. In the event of a sudden deceleration of the vehicle, the crash sensors trigger the activation...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C06B23/02C06B29/22
CPCC06B29/22C06B23/02
Inventor BARNES, MICHAEL W.MENDENHALL, IVAN V.
Owner AUTOLIV ASP INC
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