Combined Fluid-Air Evaporator And Novel Switching Concept For A Heat Pump In A Ventilating Apparatus

Abstract

A combined fluid-air evaporator having at least two separate duct systems is described, through which separate material flows may be conducted, at least one of the two duct systems having a free surface which may be brought into thermal contact with an air flow, and the at least two duct systems being at least partially in thermal contact with one another. Furthermore, a ventilation arrangement for a building is described using the combined fluid-air evaporator, in which a used air flow directed out of the building, which is in thermal contact with an outside air flow via an air-air heat exchanger, comes into thermal contact with the combined fluid-air evaporator, through which a refrigerant and an exothermic fluid pass, the refrigerant circulating in the loop of a heat pump, whose condenser is connected downstream in the flow direction from the air-air heat exchanger in the heated outside air flow, and the exothermic fluid circulates in the loop of a heat accumulator system.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA [0001] The present invention relates to a combined fluid-air evaporator, which is preferably usable as a refrigerant evaporator for a ventilation arrangement provided for buildings. For this purpose, the term “fluid” comprises, in the expanded definition, all phase states of materials with the exception of the solid phase, and thus particularly the liquid phase and also the gas phase. A preferred integration of the combined fluid-air evaporator with a heat pump is also described. BACKGROUND INFORMATION [0002] In newly constructed apartment houses, strengthened ventilating apparatuses having heat reclamation are increasingly installed, which result in higher living comfort, since the required air exchange is ensured automatically and the temperature level of the intake air is significantly raised by the heat reclamation. Through the targeted exploitation of the used air heat to preheat the intake air using an air-air heat exchanger, the heating operation for a building...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0025] Compact ventilation air conditioners having the combined evaporator are a very efficient solution for use in low energy houses and 3-liter houses due to the advantages described.

Problems solved by technology

Particularly in the case of lower temperatures, at which the cooled building used air flows through the evaporator of the heat pump, icing frequently occurs within the evaporator, through which the function of the heat pump is disadvantageously influenced until breakdown, so that suitable measures are to be taken to counteract corresponding occurrences of icing.

However, for this purpose four-way valves or three-way valves having possible leaks are required within the complicated loop systems in which heat pumps are integrated.

The use of expensive solenoid valves is also known, through which the cooling loop becomes more complicated, more expensive, and more susceptible to breakdown.

In addition, upon changeover between heating and cooling operation of the heat pump, the cooling loop briefly becomes unstable, which results not only in reduction of the performance number of the heat pump, but rather in addition causes reduction of the service life of the compressor.

However, above all in typical air-water heat pumps, the icing of the evaporator represents a large problem.

Thawing must be performed very often below the specified outside temperatures, however, through which the performance number of the heat pump worsens.

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