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Method for Increasing Catalyst Temperature Using Ethanol-Blended Diesel Fuels

a technology of ethanol-blended diesel fuel and catalyst temperature, which is applied in the direction of machines/engines, mechanical equipment, separation processes, etc., can solve the problems of low catalyst temperature, low catalyst temperature, and low catalyst temperature, so as to reduce the nox of diesel exhaust, reduce the effect of noise and distinctive odor, and maximize fuel economy

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-02-07
UT BATTELLE LLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0018] It is an object of this invention to provide a means for reducing NOx in a diesel exhaust. It is a further object of this invention to use a single fuel for both the power source and for the control of NOx using selective catalytic reduction (SCR). It is a further objective of this invention to separate components of a commercially available diesel fuel to maximize fuel economy, emissions control, and catalyst temperature control.

Problems solved by technology

The diesel is inherently more efficient but its lack of responsiveness, its noise and its distinctive odor historically limited its appeal to commercial trucks and business traveling salesmen and taxicab fleets.
The advent of laws and regulations addressing emissions from “mobile sources” also limited the appeal of diesel cars and light tracks because they were perceived as dirty and regional regulations relating to emissions, especially soot, limited their availability.
Recent advances in fuel injection management in combination with electronic systems have closed the gap but the strategies applied to Otto-cycle engines do not always work with diesels.
Ethanol is readily blended into gasoline, but is difficultly blended into diesel fuel which has a blend of thousands of paraffinic, naphthalenic and aromatic hydrocarbons ranging in carbon numbers between 10 and 22.
A persistent problem for diesel engines has been production of oxides of nitrogen, typically a mixture of NO and NO2 most frequently referred to as NOx.
While oxides of sulphur can be reduced by using ULSADO, the primary source of NOx is nitrogen in the air and the higher temperatures of lean burn engines exacerbates an already known problem.
Ammonia is a viable and affordable method for controlling NOx at fixed sources but is impractical for mobile sources, especially mid-sized and compact cars.
The disadvantage of such a system is that fuel economy is impacted and the fuel must be carefully metered to avoid hydrocarbon emissions.

Method used

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  • Method for Increasing Catalyst Temperature Using Ethanol-Blended Diesel Fuels

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Embodiment Construction

[0023] Commercial E-diesel such as that available fro Pure Energy Corporation contains approximately 15% ethanol, 1.5% a “proprietary additive” designed to stabilized the fuel and 80-84% low sulphur No. 2 diesel. ASTM standard D975 specifies minimum standards for “diesel fuel,” including boiling point ranges. Accordingly to the standard for low sulphur No. 2, 90% of the fuel must distill between 282 and 338° C. Typically, the majority boils between 250 and 300° C. Ethanol boils at 78.5° C. at 760 mmHg. It has been found by experiment that 90% of the included ethanol can be stripped at a temperature of 80° C. This final product contains 95% by volume ethanol and 5% by volume hydrocarbon components. Since both ethanol and light hydrocarbons are effective reductants using available SCR catalysts, the stripped mixture need not be chemically pure to reduce NOx.

[0024] Suitable selective catalyst reducing (SCR) materials suitable for use with ethanol include alumina-supported tin or tin o...

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Abstract

A method for managing the temperature of an E-diesel catalyst by distilling out a portion of the ethanol, injecting the distilled ethanol into exhaust gasses upstream of the catalyst, reacting the distilled ethanol with excess oxygen in the exhaust gasses to produce heat, and controlling the ethanol injection using various engine parameters.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 361,432 filed Feb. 10, 2003.STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH [0002] This invention was made with United States Government support under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR 22725 between the United States Department of Energy and UT-Battelle, LLC, and the United States Government has certain rights in this invention.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0003] This invention relates to control of pollution from diesel engines and particularly to methods for enhancing the catalytic reduction of oxides of nitrogen by extracting ethanol from E-diesel for injection into the engine exhaust. BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART [0004] Diesel-cycle engines have displaced Otto-cycle internal combustion engines in medium and heavy truck use and are becoming increasingly popular for passenger vehicles. The diesel is inherently more efficient but its lack of responsiveness, its noise and its distinctive o...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): F01N3/20F01N3/00F01N3/10B01D53/94C10L1/32F02D19/00F02M25/00
CPCB01D53/9409B01D2251/208F02M25/00F02D19/00C10L1/328
Inventor KASS, MICHAEL D.STOREY, JOHN M.SLUDER, CHARLES SCOTTTHOMAS, JOHN F.
Owner UT BATTELLE LLC
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