Method for separating saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters and use of separated fatty acid esters

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-08-13
PURDUE RES FOUND INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0047]Embodiments of the present teachings are related to lowering cloud point of a vegetable derived composition h

Problems solved by technology

Biodiesel produced by typical methods suffers from a crystallization phenomenon when temperatures decrease.
The crystallized constituents can clog fuel filters in vehicles using biodiesel and thereby cut off the fuel supply to the engine.
Winterization by itself produces low yields, i.e., a substantial portion of the starting material is lost during the filtration process.
Conversely, solvent based fractionation requires more energy and the solvents are costly, although in many cases they are recovered in solvent recovery schemes.
How

Method used

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  • Method for separating saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters and use of separated fatty acid esters
  • Method for separating saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters and use of separated fatty acid esters
  • Method for separating saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters and use of separated fatty acid esters

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0101]Soy methyl ester prepared as described is analyzed for composition. The starting soy methyl ester had the composition and properties according to Table 5:

TABLE 5Percentage by WeightFatty Acid Methyl EsterCompositionMethyl Palmitate (C 16:0)9.2Methyl Stearate (C18:0)3.8Methyl Oleate (C18:1)23.5Methyl Linoleate (C18:2)55.3Methyl Linolenate (C 18:3)7.6Others0.7Total Saturates12.9C.P. (° C.)0

[0102]24.1 g of soy methyl ester and 10.1 g of urea were added to 160 mL of ethanol and the mixture was heated to 67° C., with constant stirring. A homogenous mixture was obtained with all the urea dissolving at this temperature. The mixture was then cooled at a rate of 1.2° C. / min to a final temperature of 20° C. The urea inclusion compounds (clathrates) formed were separated by filtration. The filtrate was then heated to 30° C. and 70% of the starting volume of ethanol was recovered via evaporation under vacuum. The remaining filtrate was twice washed with equal volumes of water (60° C., pH ...

example 2

[0103]24.1 g of soy methyl ester having the composition according to Table 5 and 18.0 g of urea were added to 160 mL of ethanol and the mixture was heated to 73° C., with constant stirring. A homogenous mixture was obtained with all the urea dissolving at this temperature. The mixture was then cooled at a rate of 1.2° C. / min to a final temperature of 20° C. The urea inclusion compounds formed were then separated by filtration. The filtrate was then heated to 30° C. and 52% of the starting volume of ethanol was recovered via evaporation under vacuum. The filtrate was twice washed with equal volumes of water (60° C., pH 3). 16.0 g of fractionated soy methyl ester (66.4% by wt of the starting soy methyl ester) was recovered with the composition and properties according to Table 7.

TABLE 7Percentage by WeightFatty Acid Methyl EsterCompositionMethyl Palmitate (C16:0)1.6Methyl Stearate (C18:0)0.0Methyl Oleate (C18:1)21.9Methyl Linoleate (C 18:2)69.5Methyl Linolenate (C 18:3)7.0Others0.03To...

example 3

[0104]24.1 g of soy methyl ester having the composition according to Table 5 and 16.0 g of urea were added to 160 mL of ethanol and the mixture was heated to 72° C., with constant stirring. A homogenous mixture was obtained with all the urea dissolving at this temperature. The mixture was then cooled at a rate of 1.3° C. / min to a final temperature of 30° C. The urea inclusions compounds formed were then separated by filtration. The filtrate was then heated to 30° C. and 63% of the starting volume of ethanol was recovered via evaporation under vacuum. The filtrate was twice washed with equal volumes of water (60° C., pH 3). 18.3 g of fractionated soy methyl ester (75.9% by wt of the starting soy methyl ester) was recovered with the composition and properties according to Table 8.

TABLE 8Percentage by WeightFatty Acid Methyl EsterCompositionMethyl Palmitate (C 16:0)2.3Methyl Stearate (C18:0)0.0Methyl Oleate (C18:1)22.5Methyl Linoleate (C18:2)68.5Methyl Linolenate (C 18:3)6.8Others0.02T...

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Abstract

The present invention provides a composition comprising methyl esters derived from vegetable oils having less than about 3% by weight of saturated fatty acid methyl esters and a cloud point of less than about −30° C. A method for making the lowered cloud point composition is also disclosed in which vegetable derived methyl esters, urea and alcohol are mixed under sufficient heat to form a homogenous mixture. The mixture is then cooled to a temperature where a solid phase and a liquid phase are formed. The solid phase is enriched in saturated fatty acid methyl esters and the liquid phase is enriched in unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters. The solid phase is separated from the liquid phase. Finally, unused urea and methanol are removed from the liquid phase to form a liquid composition having a cloud point of less than about −30° C. and less than about 3% by weight saturated fatty acid methyl esters.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 690,540, filed Mar. 23, 2007, which claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 668,865, filed Jan. 30, 2007, now abandoned, which claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 068,104, filed Feb. 28, 2005, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60 / 547,992, filed Feb. 26, 2004, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE[0002]The present invention generally relates to fatty acid esters, more particularly, to a method for preparation and separation of fatty acid esters. A multitude of energy crises stemming from supply disruption as well as significantly increasing demand for fossil fuels by industrialized nations in the past few decades have spawned motivation for development of alternative fuel sources. Additionally, since there are finite reserves of crude oil from which p...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C10L1/18
CPCC10G2300/1011C10L1/026Y02E50/13C11B7/0083C11C3/003C10L1/19Y02P30/20Y02E50/10
Inventor BIST, SHAILENDRATAO, BERNARD Y.MOHTAR, SAMIA
Owner PURDUE RES FOUND INC
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