Pharmaceutical preparation of carbohydrates for therapeutic use

Abstract

The disclosure provides methods for preparation of carbohydrate replacement therapies (CRT) that include nanocarriers of carbohydrates and glycolipids for pharmaceutical delivery to cell interior, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi for treating CDG type I and CDG type II diseases as well as other metabolic disorders.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 878,591, filed Sep. 16, 2013, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.FIELD[0002]The present invention relates to compositions containing carbohydrates encapsulated in a lipid particle for delivery to the cell interior, methods of delivering the encapsulated carbohydrates into the interior of cells, and methods of using such compositions for treating diseases and disorders, such as congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). For example, the present invention relates to methods for preparation of carbohydrates and glycolipids for pharmaceutical delivery to cell interior, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and Golgi.BACKGROUND[0003]Glycosylation, the enzymatic attachment of carbohydrates (glycans) to proteins and lipids is a co-translational and post-translational modification (PTM) that is more common than any other PTM as it applies to a majority of pr...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present disclosure provides a way to deliver carbohydrates to cells by using nanocarriers. This addresses the problems of toxicity and stability associated with other methods. The carbohydrates can be endogenous or exogenous, such as mannose-1-phosphate. The nanocarriers can enter cells through endocytotic pathways, allowing for higher dosages and easier administration. The disclosure also provides methods for preparing carbohydrates and glycolipids for pharmaceutical delivery. The compositions described herein can be medications containing liposomes encasing carbohydrates, which can be modified to enhance circulation and retention with the body fluids. The invention also relates to a composition comprising a lipid particle containing a molecule that minimizes degradation and enhances retention of the lipid particle when administered to a subject.

Problems solved by technology

However, such therapy may not be as effective in treating CDG-Ia patients and there are currently limited treatment options for other CDG type I subtypes and CDG type II diseases.

However, the delivery and maintenance of such a systemic supply of Man-1-P is problematic, as extracellular enzymes within bodily fluids degrade Man-1-P when delivered exogenously by oral or intravenous administration.

Another problem with exogenously delivered Man-1-P is that its high polarity prevents Man-1-P from penetrating into the cell interior (i.e., cytosol) and thus treating the deficiency in PMM production.

This approach, however, is also problematic, as the cell-permeable Man-1-P derivative has been shown to be either unstable for clinical use or cytotoxic via the by-products of the Man-1-P derivative (Eklund et al., Glycobiology 2005, 15: 1084-1093; Rutschow et al.

These approaches, however, are ineffective as clinical treatment options due to their associated toxicity, off-target side effects, and poor selective tissue penetration.

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