The invention relates to the field of in-vitro diagnostic reagents, and particularly relates to a soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) latex reinforced immunonephelometry assay kit by utilizing a surface functional group. The assay kit comprises a reagent R1 and a reagent R2, wherein the reagent R1 is prepared from a buffer solution 1, a stabilizing agent 1, a preservative 1, EDTA, a gelling agent and a protective agent 1; the reagent R2 is prepared from polystyrene latex microspheres crosslinked with an sOB-R antibody, a buffer solution 2, a stabilizing agent 2, a preservative 2 and a protective agent 2; the polystyrene latex microspheres and the sOB-R antibody are connected by means of covalent cross-linking; the surface functional group of the polystyrene latex microspheres in the reagent R2 is amino, carboxyl, hydrazide, aldehyde or epoxy group. According to the assay kit, a latex reinforced immunonephelometry method is adopted, when the sOB-R in blood reacts with the sOB-R antibody, polystyrene latex is driven to aggregate and generate certain turbidity, so that the detection can be convenient. The sOB-R latex reinforced immunonephelometry assay kit is easily applied in clinical application.