The invention discloses an application of ingenol acetate or a derivative thereof and ingenol in preparation of a
medicine for preventing or treating non-
alcoholic steatohepatitis, and relates to the technical field of biological medicines. Experiments prove that the aromatic
phenol acetate has the effect of improving non-
alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), so that the aromatic
phenol acetate can obviously relieve
liver tissue damage and inhibit abnormal accumulation of lipid in the liver. The in-vivo anti-inflammatory effect is mainly realized by targeted inhibition of NLRP3
inflammasome signal axes (remarkably down-regulation of Nlrp3, Asc and
Caspase-1 expression) and blocking of pannexin-1 inflammatory channels, so that release of downstream proinflammatory factors (TNF alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6) and
macrophage infiltration are inhibited. The aromatic
phenol acetate can be hydrolyzed and metabolized into deacetylated active product aromatic phenol through
esterase in vivo, and the free hydroxyl structure of the aromatic phenol acetate can still retain the binding capacity with NLRP3
inflammasome targets as an active molecule directly acting on organs.