606results about "Surface coverings" patented technology

Methods for treating a filter for filtering particulate matter from exhaust gas are disclosed in which a dry powder is sprayed towards an inlet face of the filter entrained in a primary flow of gas to pass through the inlet face to contact a porous structure of the filter. The back pressure of the filter is monitored during spraying of the dry powder and the spraying of the dry powder is stopped when the back pressure of the filter reaches a required value. The required value may equal an absolute back pressure, or a pre-determined target back pressure for the filter minus an offset pressure, or an estimated back pressure of the filter.

An exhaust treatment method and apparatus for treating an exhaust stream flowing through an exhaust line housing in a downstream direction, the apparatus comprising a first particulate filter, an SCR unit, and a second particulate filter downstream of the SCR unit, all serially positioned in the exhaust line.

The present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst in which platinum group metal migration from a catalyst layer to a base material during high temperature duration is suppressed. The exhaust gas purification catalyst disclosed herein includes a base material, a catalyst layer, and an intermediate layer arranged between the base material and the catalyst layer. The base material contains SiC. The catalyst layer contains a platinum group metal as a catalyst component. The intermediate layer contains substantially no platinum group metal. A product of a thickness of the intermediate layer (μm) and a specific surface area (m2 / g) of the intermediate layer is 1100 or more.

An exhaust aftertreatment system (10) in the exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine (12) that is at least partially powered by an alcohol fuel is permeable to an exhaust stream containing nitrogen oxides as well as an alcohol and / or formaldehyde. The exhaust aftertreatment system (10) comprises a metering device (14) for metering ammonia into the exhaust stream, a first SCR catalyst (16), and a second SCR catalyst (18), wherein the first SCR catalyst (16) is arranged in the exhaust stream downstream of the metering device (14) and is configured to generate a treated exhaust stream from the exhaust stream of the internal combustion engine (12) that contains nitrogen oxides and at least one nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon compound.The second SCR catalyst (18) is arranged in the exhaust stream downstream of the first SCR catalyst (16) and is designed to reduce the nitrogen oxides contained in the generated treated exhaust stream by consuming the nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon compound contained in the generated treated exhaust stream. Furthermore, a method for exhaust aftertreatment and the use of an exhaust aftertreatment system (10) are specified.

An exhaust aftertreatment system (10) in the exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine (12) that is at least partially powered by an alcohol fuel is permeable to an exhaust stream from the internal combustion engine (12) containing nitrogen oxides as well as an alcohol and / or formaldehyde. The exhaust aftertreatment system (10) comprises an oxidation catalyst (14) for removing methanol and formaldehyde from the exhaust stream, an SCR catalyst (18), and a metering device (16) for metering ammonia into the exhaust stream, wherein the oxidation catalyst (14) is arranged in the exhaust stream upstream of the SCR catalyst (18). The metering device (16) is arranged in the exhaust stream upstream of the SCR catalyst (18) and upstream or downstream of the oxidation catalyst (14). Furthermore, a method for exhaust aftertreatment and the use of the exhaust aftertreatment system (10) are specified.

A method of making a ceramic honeycomb wall-flow filter substrate supporting an on-wall coating, a fragment of which on-wall coated filter substrate analysed by mercury porosimetry has a volume of pores of 005 to 0.5 µm diameter as a percentage of a mercury intrusion volume of the fragment of at least 15.0%, comprises the steps of: (i) preparing a slurry comprising water, a carboxylic acid, inorganic oxide particles or a mixture of two or more inorganic oxide particles having a D(v, 0.9) of 8 to 20 µm; and 10 to 35 % by weight relative to 100% weight of the inorganic oxide particles of a particulate insoluble cellulose pore former of non-uniform morphology and having an equivalent spherical diameter D(v, 0.5) of 0.5 to 14 µm and a modal aspect ratio (width / length) of 0.3 to 0.9; (ii) coating the slurry on at least first channels of the substrate, wherein the substrate has a mean pore size (D50) of 6 to 15 µm prior to any coating and a porosity less than 60% prior to any coating; and (iii) drying and calcining the slurry-coated substrate, whereby sufficient slurry is coated on the substrate so that the product of step (iii) has a coating loading of 0.07 to 0.4 g / in3 (4.3 to 24.4 g / L), relative to a substrate weight prior to step (ii) and wherein a mean average on- wall coating thickness of the coated substrate is 5 to 70 µm.

An exhaust gas purification catalyst disclosed herein comprises a catalyst layer 20 including a lower catalyst layer 22 and an upper catalyst layer 24. A lower-layer front portion A containing Pd is provided on the upstream side of the lower catalyst layer 22, and a lower-layer rear portion B containing at least one of Pd and Pt is provided on the downstream side of the lower catalyst layer 22. Further, an upper-layer front portion C containing Rh is provided on the upstream side of the upper catalyst layer 24, and an upper-layer rear portion D containing Rh is provided on the downstream side of the upper catalyst layer 24. The lower-layer front portion A, the lower-layer rear portion B, the upper-layer front portion C, and the upper-layer rear portion D each have an individually set CeO2 content. In addition, in this exhaust gas purification catalyst, the ratio APGM / BPGM of the amount of the catalytic metal present in the lower-layer front portion A to the amount of the catalytic metal present in the lower-layer rear portion B is set to 0.8 or more and 1.1 or less from the viewpoint of achieving both OSC performance and warm-up performance. As a result, it is possible to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst that can exhibit adequate purification performance according to the operation state of an internal combustion engine.

An exhaust gas purification catalyst (10) contains a refractory three-dimensional structure (20), a second catalyst layer (31) containing palladium and rhodium, and a first catalyst layer (32) containing palladium positioned between the refractory three-dimensional structure (20) and the second catalyst layer (31), in which the first catalyst layer (32) or the second catalyst layer (31) further contains a Zr—Pr composite oxide that is a composite oxide of zirconium and praseodymium. A proportion of a mass of praseodymium oxide contained in the Zr—Pr composite oxide relative to a total mass of zirconium oxide and praseodymium oxide contained in the Zr—Pr composite oxide may be 11% or more and 90% or less.

The invention provides a catalyst composition, including a mixture of catalytically active particles and a magnetic material, such as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, capable of inductive heating in response to an applied alternating electromagnetic field. The catalytically active particles will typically include a base metal, platinum group metal, oxide of base metal or platinum group metal, or combination thereof, and will be adapted for use in various catalytic systems, such as diesel oxidation catalysts, catalyzed soot filters, lean NOx traps, selective catalytic reduction catalysts, ammonia oxidation catalysts, or three-way catalysts. The invention also includes a system and method for heating a catalyst material, which includes a catalyst article that includes the catalyst composition and a conductor for receiving current and generating an alternating electromagnetic field in response thereto, the conductor positioned such that the generated alternating electromagnetic field is applied to at least a portion of the magnetic material.

A system includes a controller for an exhaust aftertreatment system including a SCR catalyst in exhaust gas-receiving communication with an engine and at least one reductant dosing system structured to provide reductant to the exhaust gas. The controller is structured to determine a ratio of NO to NO2 at or proximate an inlet of the SCR catalyst. The controller is further structured to command the at least one reductant dosing system to increase, decrease, or maintain an amount of reductant provided to the exhaust gas based on comparing the ratio of NO to NO2 to a previous NO to NO2 ratio.

A catalyst article for treating exhaust gas, comprising a substrate having an axial length L and including an inlet end and an outlet end, a first catalyst region starting at the inlet end and extending over a length less than the axial length L, the first catalyst region comprising a first platinum group metal (PGM) component, a first inorganic oxide, and an optional first oxygen storage capacity (OSC) material, a second catalyst region starting at the outlet end and extending over a length less than the axial length L, the second catalyst region comprising a second PGM component, an optional second inorganic oxide, and a second OSC material, and a third catalyst region, wherein the weight ratio of the optional first OSC material to the first inorganic oxide is greater than 1:1.

The method includes: preparing a base material having a wall flow structure, including a first cell with an opening only at an first end, a second cell with an opening only at a second end, and a porous partition partitioning the first cell and the second cell; supplying a catalyst layer forming material to the first end and applying the catalyst layer forming material to an inside of the partition from the first end up to a predetermined length along the extension direction of the partition such that an uncoated portion where the second end is not coated with the catalyst layer forming material in a range facing the first cell of the partition in the extension direction of the partition is formed, and ventilating from the second end and drying the applied catalyst layer forming material.

A particle filter includes a particle filter housing and a filter body arrangement which is accommodated in the particle filter housing and is configured to separate particles out of an exhaust-gas flow that is emitted by an internal combustion engine and passes through the filter body arrangement when the latter is used as intended. The filter body arrangement has filter body elements that are separated from one another by at least one liquid-tight layer that is oriented at least substantially in the direction of longitudinal extension of the particle filter. Further aspects relate to an exhaust-gas aftertreatment device for an internal combustion engine, and to a motor vehicle.

An exhaust gas purifying catalyst with a high NOx storing characteristic includes a base material and a catalyst layer. The catalyst layer has a first layer including an upstream side catalyst layer formed from an exhaust gas inflow side end part of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst toward an exhaust gas outflow side direction, and a downstream side catalyst layer formed from an exhaust gas outflow side end part of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst toward an exhaust gas inflow side direction. The upstream and downstream side catalyst layers contain at least Pd and / or Rh as a catalyst metal and OSC containing Ce. A second layer contains Pt as the catalyst metal and a NOx storing material. When the CeO2 quantity in the upstream side catalyst layer is C1 and the CeO2 quantity in the downstream side catalyst layer is C2 in the first layer, a relation of C1<C2 is satisfied.

The present disclosure provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst improved in structural stability. The present disclosure relates to an exhaust gas purification catalyst including a substrate and a catalyst layer disposed on the substrate. The catalyst layer has a two-layer structure including a first coat layer formed on the substrate and a second coat layer formed on the first coat layer. The first coat layer contains alumina and an OSC material. The alumina has an average particle diameter of 6.0 μm or more, and the OSC material has an average particle diameter of 6.0 μm or more. The OSC material is a ceria-zirconia-based composite oxide without alumina.

The present disclosure relates to zeolite catalysts having an aging durability and improved catalytic activity. For example, the zeolite catalysts comprise a specific aluminum distribution, e.g., the positioning of two framework aluminum atoms in the zeolite structure at third-nearest-neighbor (3NN) relative positions in the framework. The zeolite catalysts have two tetrahedrally coordinated AI sites that are separated by two tetrahedrally coordinated Si sites. The disclosure is also directed to process and methods for their characterization and usage.

An oxidation catalyst article comprises a flow-through honeycomb substrate having an inlet end and an outlet end and a longitudinal length extending therebetween and comprising an array of channels each defined by a channel wall, a first washcoat extending from the inlet end up to 40% of the longitudinal length of the substrate and comprising a first platinum group metal composition on a first alumina support, the first washcoat having a total combined loading of Pt and Pd of X g / L (gft-3), a second washcoat extending from the inlet end up to 85% of the longitudinal length of the substrate and entirely overlapping the first washcoat, the second washcoat comprising a second platinum group metal composition on a second alumina support, the second washcoat having a total combined loading of Pt and Pd of Y g / L (gft-3); and a third washcoat extending from the outlet end comprising a third platinum group metal composition wherein the third platinum group metal composition is platinum only or both platinum and palladium on a third alumina support, the third washcoat having a total platinum group metal loading of Z g / L (gft-3); wherein 2Z<X>1.5Y, and wherein the third washcoat does not overlap the first washcoat.

Exhaust gas purification device (100), comprising: a substrate (10) comprising an upstream end (I) through which an exhaust gas is introduced into the device and a downstream end (J) through which the exhaust gas is discharged from the device, wherein the substrate (10) has a length Ls between the upstream end (I) and the downstream end (J); a first catalyst layer (20) containing palladium particles, which extends over a first region (X) and is in contact with the substrate (10), wherein the first region (X) extends between the upstream end (I) and a first position (P), wherein the first position (P) is located at a first distance La from the upstream end (I) in the direction of the downstream end (J); a second catalyst layer (30) containing rhodium particles, which extends over a second region (Y) and is in contact with the substrate (10), wherein the second region (Y) extends between the downstream end (J) and a second position (Q), the second position (Q) being located at a second distance Lb from the downstream end (J) in the direction of the upstream end (I); and a third catalyst layer (40) containing rhodium particles, which extends over a third region (Z) and is in contact with at least the first catalyst layer (20), wherein the third region (Z) extends between the upstream end (I) and a third position (R), wherein the third position (R) is located at a third distance Lc from the upstream end (I) in the direction of the downstream end (J), wherein a mean particle size distribution of the rhodium particles contained in the second catalyst layer (30) and the third catalyst layer (40) is from 1.0 nm to 2.0 nm, and a standard deviation of the particle size distribution of the rhodium particles contained in the second catalyst layer (30) and the third catalyst layer (40) is 0.8 nm or less.

Provided are particles for an exhaust gas purification catalyst, the particles comprising: inorganic oxide particles; and an inorganic coating layer covering the inorganic oxide particles. The particles for an exhaust gas purification catalyst have reduced cumulative pore volume in a pore diameter range of 0.1-20 µm compared to a cumulative pore volume in a pore diameter range of 0.1-20 µm of inorganic oxide particles before being coated with the inorganic coating layer. Accordingly, the particles for an exhaust gas purification catalyst have a higher thermal conductivity than the inorganic oxide particles before being coated with the inorganic coating layer.

The present disclosure relates to a coated filter for filtering particulate matter from exhaust gases. The filter has a porous catalytic composition coating, the catalytic composition including zeolite, copper, and manganese. The present disclosure also relates to a method of forming the coated filter described herein, and an exhaust system including the coated filter described herein.

Provided is a catalyst for exhaust gas purification that has improved NOx storage performance in a lean atmosphere. A catalyst 100 for exhaust gas purification disclosed herein includes a substrate 10 and a catalyst layer 20. The catalyst layer 20 includes a lower layer 22, a middle layer 24, and an upper layer 26. The upper layer 26 contains Rh. The middle layer 24 contains at least Pt and a NOx storage material. The lower layer 22 has a lower-layer front portion 22a containing Pd and a lower-layer rear portion 22b containing Pd. The Pd content (CF) in the lower-layer front portion 22a per L of the substrate is greater than the Pd content (CR) in the lower-layer rear portion 22b per L of the substrate.

A technology capable of achieving excellent NOx storage ability is provided. An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst 1 according to the present invention includes a substrate 10 and a catalyst layer 20 supported on the substrate 10, wherein the catalyst layer 20 contains a first supported catalyst 21 containing a first heat resistant carrier 210 and rhodium 211 supported on the first heat resistant carrier 210, a second supported catalyst 22 containing a second heat resistant carrier 220 and platinum 221 supported on the second heat resistant carrier 220, the second heat resistant carrier 220 containing an inorganic oxide which has a spinel structure and contains alumina and magnesia, a third supported catalyst 25 containing a third heat resistant carrier 250 and platinum 251a and a noble metal 251b other than platinum which are supported on the third heat resistant carrier, and a nitrogen oxide storage material 24 and 26, wherein a proportion of a mass of platinum contained in the second supported catalyst 22 in an entire mass of platinum contained in the catalyst layer is in a range of 15% by mass to 35% by mass.

A NOX storage catalyst includes CHA zeolite, a transition metal ion-exchanged in the CHA zeolite, and a rare earth metal that is different the transition metal and is supported on the CHA zeolite. A method for preparing a NOX storage catalyst includes preparing a synthetic mother liquid including a zeolite raw material as a source of silica and alumina, a structure-inducing material, a complexing material, and a solvent, reacting the synthetic mother liquid to prepare a CHA zeolite, and supporting a transition metal and a rare earth metal that is different from the transition metal on the prepared CHA zeolite.

The present invention relates to a particulate filter, the particulate filter being a substrate comprising a plurality of porous walls extending longitudinally so as to form a plurality of parallel flow paths extending from an inlet end to an outlet end, wherein a certain amount of the flow paths are inlet flow paths that are open at the inlet end and closed at the outlet end, and a certain amount of the flow paths are outlet flow paths that are closed at the inlet end and open at the outlet end, a substrate, and a layer of inorganic particles loaded on the surface of the porous walls in the inlet flow path and / or the outlet flow path, the layer of inorganic particles containing inorganic particles having a small BET pore volume of 0.5 cm 3 / g or less. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a particulate filter, which includes applying inorganic particles or a precursor thereof to the surface of the porous walls in the inlet flow path and / or the outlet flow path to deposit a layer of inorganic particles containing inorganic particles having a small BET pore volume.

A particulate filter, a gasoline engine emission treatment system comprising the particulate filter and a method for treating an exhaust from a gasoline engine, wherein the particulate filter comprises: a substrate, comprising a plurality of porous walls extending longitudinally to form a plurality of parallel channels extending from an inlet end to an outlet end, wherein a quantity of the channels are inlet channels that are open at the inlet end and closed at the outlet end, and a quantity of channels are outlet channels that are closed at the inlet end and open at the outlet end; an in-wall TWC coating in the inlet channels and the outlet channels, comprising a platinum group metal component, an alumina-based refractory metal oxide and an oxygen storage component, wherein the in-wall TWC coating has a weight ratio of the alumina-based refractory metal oxide to the oxygen storage component in the range of 1:20 to 1:3, and wherein the in-wall TWC coating is free of any individual zirconium species and barium species; and optionally, an on-wall layer of inorganic particles in the inlet channels and / or outlet channels, wherein the inorganic particles comprise one or more non-PGM components selected from alumina, zirconia, ceria, silica, titania, magnesium oxide, manganese oxide, zinc oxide, rare earth metal oxide other than ceria, or any composite oxides thereof.

The present invention relates to a particulate filter comprising: a substrate comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending porous walls to form a plurality of parallel channels extending from an inlet end to an outlet end wherein a number of channels are inlet channels open at the inlet end and closed at the outlet end, a certain number of channels are outlet channels which are closed at the inlet ends and open at the outlet ends; and a layer of inorganic particles supported on the surface of the porous wall in the inlet channel and / or the outlet channel, in which the inorganic particles comprise or consist of boehmite particles. The invention also relates to a method for producing a particulate filter comprising applying inorganic particles comprising or consisting of boehmite particles in the inlet channel and / or the outlet channel of the substrate.

Disclosed is a nonthermal plasma-based exhaust gas particulate matter reduction apparatus for preventing an arcing phenomenon, the apparatus comprising: a chamber which is a tubular body having exhaust gas flowing therein and is connected to a ground power supply; a power supply device which is disposed outside the chamber and includes a voltage generation unit for generating a steady-state voltage at which maximum efficiency of a nonthermal plasma phenomenon is generated; an emitter which is disposed inside the chamber and generates nonthermal plasma between the chamber by having the steady-state voltage applied thereto; a rod which applies the steady-state voltage to the emitter by electrically connecting the voltage generation unit and the emitter; and an arcing prevention unit which prevents an arcing phenomenon from occurring between the rod and the chamber by providing insulation between the rod and the chamber.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst including a catalyst layer containing Rh and a Ce-Zr-Al-based complex oxide, the exhaust gas purification catalyst being capable of achieving both improvement of the oxygen storage capacity of the Ce-Zr-Al-based complex oxide and prevention of the decrease in the exhaust gas purification performance of Rh, and the present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst (1) including a substrate (10) and a first catalyst layer (20) provided on the substrate (10), wherein the first catalyst layer (20) contains Rh and a complex oxide containing Ce, Zr, and Al, wherein the content of the complex oxide is 70% by mass or more, based on a total mass of all components other than Rh in the first catalyst layer (20), and wherein a mass ratio of a content of Ce in terms of metal in the complex oxide to a content of Zr in terms of metal in the complex oxide is 0.03 or more and 0.50 or less.

A sensor element includes: an element body including an oxygen-ion-conductive solid electrolyte layer; and a protective layer that covers at least part of the element body and is a porous body having a plurality of pores thereinside. The standard deviation of the porosity of the protective layer is 2.3% or less.

The present invention relates to a particulate filter, which comprises a substrate comprising a plurality of porous walls extending longitudinally to form a plurality of parallel channels extending from an inlet end to an outlet end, wherein a quantity of the channels are inlet channels that are open at the inlet end and closed at the outlet end, and a quantity of channels are outlet channels that are closed at the inlet end and open at the outlet end; and a layer of inorganic particles loaded on surfaces of porous walls in the inlet channels and / or outlet channels, wherein the inorganic particles comprise or consist of boehmite particles. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a particulate filter which includes applying inorganic particles comprising or consisting of boehmite particles in inlet channels and / or outlet channels of a substrate.