34results about How to "Excavation process safety" patented technology

The invention discloses a construction method for enabling a shallowly buried and darkly excavated tunnel to pass through a cottage area. The construction method comprises the following steps: excavating a tunnel hole of the constructed shallowly buried and darkly excavated tunnel from back to front through a step excavation process, and performing preliminary bracing on the tunnel hole formed by excavating from back to front in an excavating process, wherein the tunnel hole consists of an upper guide hole and a lower guide hole positioned right below the upper guide hole, the rear part of the tunnel hole is connected with a vertical well, the preliminary bracing structure of the tunnel hole comprises a plurality of grating steel frameworks for supporting the tunnel hole from back to front, a layer of bar-mat reinforcement suspended on the inner wall of the tunnel hole and a concrete layer jetted on the inner wall of the tunnel hole. The process for excavating the tunnel hole of the shallowly buried and darkly excavated tunnel comprises the following steps: I, excavating the initial segment of the upper guide hole; II, excavating the initial segment of the lower guide hole; III, synchronously excavating the upper and the lower guide holes. The construction method disclosed by the invention is simple in step, reasonable in design, convenient in construction, good in construction effect, capable of simply completing the construction process of the shallowly buried and darkly excavated tunnel that passes through the cottage area, and safe and reliable in a construction process.

The invention discloses a ground fracture crushed zone passing construction method for shallow-buried tunnel excavation. A constructed shallow-buried excavation tunnel comprises a left line tunnel and a right line tunnel which are communicated through a transverse channel. During construction of the constructed shallow-buried excavation tunnel, the method comprises the steps that 1, transverse channel construction is performed; 2, tunnel construction is performed, wherein the two tunnel sections of the left line tunnel and the right line tunnel are constructed through the transverse channel, the construction is performed in the mode of multiple tunnel sections in the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel from back to from during construction of any one tunnel section, and the construction of any one tunnel section includes the processes of ground fracture judgement, tunnel excavation and synchronous preliminary bracing construction, concrete protection layer construction, post-cast strip retention judgement, secondary tunnel lining construction and post-cast strip construction. The method includes simple steps and is reasonable in design, convenient to construct, good in construction effect, capable of simply and conveniently completing the shallow-buried tunnel excavation construction process of a ground fracture crushed zone and safe and reliable in construction process.

The invention discloses a surrounding rock reinforcement method for a junction tunnel section in an upper-soft lower-hard stratum constructed adopting a shield method and a mining method. The method comprises the steps that 1, tunnel face grouting reinforcement is carried out, specifically, grouting reinforcement is carried out on stratum in front of an excavation face of an upper tunnel body by adopting grouting pipes; 2, junction surface grouting reinforcement is carried out, specifically, grouting reinforcement is carried out on the reinforced stratum by adopting sleeve valve pipes; 3, tunnel arch part advanced support is carried out, specifically, advanced support is carried out on an arch part of the junction tunnel section; 4, grouting pipe removal is carried out; and 5, tunnel faceplugging is carried out, specifically, a tunnel face is plugged through concrete backfilling, and a tunnel face plugging structure is obtained. The method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to construct and good in use effect, and surrounding rock of the junction tunnel section is effectively reinforced by the method of combining the surface grouting reinforcement with the in-tunnel reinforcement so that the mechanical property of the surrounding rock can be effectively improved; and the tunnel face of the junction tunnel section is reliably plugged before and after reinforcement so that tunnel safety construction can be effectively guaranteed, and ground settlement caused by excavation can be effectively reduced.

The present invention relates to a kind of digging system suitable for pipeline and line maintenance digging operation and operating in several kinds of digging modes. The digging system includes excavator, special precise digging dull teeth, pressure regulator, depth measuring warning unit and high pressure jetting unit. The safe digging process includes preparation, electronic intelligent digging preparation, pre-digging, precise digging, jet digging near pipeline and line, coarse digging, tailing and other steps.

The invention discloses a construction method of a loess tunnel entrance section through a landslide mass. The method comprises the following steps that 1, an entrance soil layer is pre-reinforced; 2,a tunnel entrance is constructed; 3, excavation and initial support construction is conducted on the reinforced tunnel section; 4, a reinforced tunnel section base is reinforced; 5, the reinforced tunnel section is subjected to secondary lining construction; 6, excavation and initial support construction is conducted on a rear side tunnel section; and 7, the rear side tunnel section is subjectedto secondary lining construction. The method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to construct and good in use effect, cement-soil mixed piles are adopted for pre-reinforcement before excavation, a construction process of the tunnel entrance section through the landslide mass is guaranteed to be safe and reliable, meanwhile, the tunnel entrance section is excavated by adopting a three-step excavation method, the reinforced tunnel section base is reinforced, an excavation process of the tunnel entrance section through the landslide mass can be guaranteed to be safe and reliable, in addition, the influence on the stability of a soil layer on the circumferential side of the tunnel entrance is small, and the stability of the excavated and formed tunnel entrance can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a tunnel portal section pre-reinforcement and excavation construction method based on partition blasting. The construction method comprises the following steps of 1, precipitation pre-reinforcement; 2, earth surface pre-reinforcement, and specifically, reinforcing the surface of a backfill section in a construction tunnel portal section through adopting a cement soil stirring pile; and 3, tunnel excavation construction, and specifically, carrying out excavation construction from rear to front in a plurality of excavation sections, wherein the process comprises the following steps of surveying and setting out, performing drilling and blasting construction, excavating an upper portal body, excavating a middle portal body and excavating a lower portal body. The construction method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient in construction and good in use effect; the underground water level is reduced through precipitation pre-reinforcement, and then surroundingrock is effectively reinforced; after the backfill section is subjected to surface pre-reinforcement through using the cement soil stirring pile, a three-step synchronous excavation mode is used forcarrying out partition blasting excavation, so that it is ensured that the tunnel excavation process is safe and reliable and a tunnel structure is stable.

The invention discloses a tunnel construction method for passing through the boundary stratum of earth and stone. The tunnel construction method comprises the following steps: I, excavation of a reartunnel segment and initial supporting construction; II, excavation of a middle tunnel segment and initial supporting construction; III, excavation of a front tunnel segment and initial supporting construction, wherein the rear tunnel segment, the middle tunnel segment and the front tunnel segment are all three-step synchronous excavated tunnel segments; and in the process of excavation from rear to front, constructing the secondary lining of the tunnel on the inner side of the initial supporting structure of the constructed tunnel from rear to front. The tunnel construction method has the advantages of reasonable design, simple construction and good use effect. The tunnel construction method selects an appropriate drilling and blasting method according to the position relationship betweenthe earth and stone interface and a tunnel hole, adopts a three-step synchronous excavation way to carry out blasting excavation, can ensure the safe and reliable excavation process of the tunnel passing through the boundary stratum of earth and stone, and can ensure the stable structure of the tunnel. Moreover, in the excavation process, the initial supporting structure and the secondary lining of the tunnel are adopted to provide stable and reliable supporting for the large-section tunnel.

The invention discloses a tunnel construction method for a formation with an upper soft part and a lower hard part. During construction of any one of to-be-constructed tunnels of the construction tunnel, the method comprises the following steps: 1, performing back side tunnel segment excavation and preliminary bracing construction; 2, performing junction tunnel segment surrounding rock reinforcement and back side tunnel segment in-cavity temporary reinforcement; 3, disassembling a tunnel temporary supporting cover arch; 4, enabling a shield tunneling machine to move forwards and performing tunnel secondary lining construction; and 5, performing shield tunneling construction. The method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to construct and good in use effect; the stability of theback side tunnel segment is guaranteed by a tunnel temporary supporting cover arch; the junction tunnel segment surrounding rock is effectively reinforced by a mode of combining ground surface grouting reinforcement with in-cavity reinforcement, so that the mechanical property of the surrounding rock can be effectively improved, the safe construction of the tunnel can be effectively guaranteed andsurface subsidence caused by excavation can be effectively reduced; and after the junction tunnel segment surrounding rod reinforcement is completed, the tunnel temporary supporting cover arch is disassembled and the shield tunneling machine moves towards in place to perform construction on the front side tunnel segment, so the construction process is safe and reliable.

The invention discloses a through landslide body loess tunnel construction method. The through landslide body loess tunnel construction method comprises the following steps of constructing a tunnel entrance section and a tunnel exit section simultaneously; and respectively constructing an inclined shaft auxiliary construction inlet section and an inclined shaft auxiliary construction outlet section through a tunnel inclined shaft when the tunnel entrance section and the tunnel exit section are constructed. The through landslide body loess tunnel construction method is reasonable in design, convenient to construct and good in using effect; the loess strata in the construction area where the tunnel entrance section is positioned is subjected to reinforcement treatment by using a cement soilmixing pile in advance before excavation, and the reinforcement length and the reinforcement depth are effectively limited; a loose soil body on a hole body of a tunnel hole is solidified in advance so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the construction process of a hole inlet section of the through landslide body loess tunnel; meanwhile, in the construction process of the tunnel by adopting a three-step excavation method, the construction process of track plates is completed synchronously, so that the construction process of the loess tunnel can be completed easily, conveniently and quickly; and the stability of an excavated and formed tunnel hole can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a large-section tunnel stability control construction method capable of passing through an earth and stone boundary stratum, and an earth and stone interface is positioned in an upper hole of a constructed tunnel. During excavation construction on the constructed channel, the large-section tunnel stability control construction method comprises the following steps: I, upperand middle step excavation step: performing upper and middle step excavation construction on the constructed tunnel in multiple excavation sections from rear to front, wherein the process of performing upper and middle step excavation construction on any excavation section comprises surveying and setting out, drilling and blasting construction, upper hole excavation and middle hole excavation; andII, lower step excavation construction. The large-section tunnel stability control construction method is reasonable in design, is simple and convenient in construction, is good in use effect, separately performs blasting region division on an upper blasting region in an upper step and a middle blasting region on a middle step, defines layout position of each blast hole in each blasting region, can effectively prevents tunnel face collapse or arch crown collapse caused by relatively great vibrations generated by blasting while large-section once explosive load is too great, ensures a safe andreliable tunnel excavation process, and can ensure a stable tunnel structure.

The invention discloses a pre-reinforcement and excavation construction method for a tunnel entrance segment of a loess tunnel passing through a slip mass. The method comprises the following steps offirstly, tunnel body soil layer pre-reinforcement, secondly, tunnel entrance construction of the tunnel, thirdly, excavation and preliminary bracing construction of the reinforced tunnel segment, andfourthly, excavation and preliminary bracing construction of the rear tunnel segment. By means of the method, design is reasonable, construction is simple and convenient, and the use effect is good; before excavation, cemented soil stirring piles are adopted for carrying out reinforcement treatment on the loess stratum of the construction area where the tunnel entrance segment of the tunnel is located in advance, the reinforcement length and reinforcement depth are effectively limited, loose soil of the tunnel body of the tunnel is solidified in advance, it is ensured that the construction process of the tunnel entrance segment of the tunnel passing through the slip mass is safe and reliable, and the structure of the tunnel entrance segment, formed through construction, of the tunnel is stable; and meanwhile, a three-step excavation method is adopted for excavating the tunnel entrance segment of the tunnel, it can be ensured that the excavation process of the tunnel entrance segment ofthe tunnel passing through the slip mass is safe and reliable, and the influence on stability of soil layers around the tunnel is small.

The invention discloses a construction method of a soil-stone boundary tunnel passing through loess valleys. The construction method comprises the following steps of 1, precipitation pre-reinforcement; 2, excavation construction of a rear side tunnel section; 3, excavation construction of a middle tunnel section; and 4, excavation construction of a front side tunnel section, wherein the middle tunnel section and the front side tunnel section are three-step synchronous excavation tunnel sections; and in the excavation process from back to front in the step 2, the step 3 and the step 4, primarysupport is synchronously carried out on the excavated tunnel from back to front, and secondary lining of the tunnel is constructed on the inner side of the constructed and formed tunnel primary support structure from back to front. The construction method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to construct and good in use effect, the underground water level is reduced through precipitationpre-reinforcement, surrounding rock is effectively reinforced, then blasting excavation is carried out in a three-step excavation mode, so that the excavation process of the soil-stone boundary tunnel passing through the loess valleys can be ensured to be safe and reliable, and the stability of the tunnel structure can be ensured.

The invention discloses an excavation construction technology for a subway station foundation pit in upper-soft lower-hard ground. The excavation construction technology is characterized in that a middle support structure is arranged in the middle of the constructed subway station foundation pit; a retaining structure of the constructed subway station foundation pit comprises an upper-part retaining structure, a middle-part retaining structure and a lower-part retaining structure; a lower-part foundation pit is divided into an upper foundation pit and a lower foundation pit; the middle support structure comprises a plurality of dug piles; the dug piles are concrete-filled steel pipe piles; and each concrete-filled steel pipe pile comprises a steel pipe support pillar, a middle joint structure and a lower joint structure. The excavation construction of the subway station foundation pit comprises the following steps: A, synchronous construction of the middle support structure and the upper-part retaining structure; B, excavation of an upper-part foundation pit; C, construction of the middle-part retaining structure; D, excavation of the upper foundation pit; and E, excavation of the lower foundation pit. The excavation construction technology is simple in step, reasonable in design, simple and convenient in construction and good in using effect, and ensures that the excavation construction process of the subway station foundation pit in the upper-soft lower-hard ground can be simply, conveniently and quickly completed and is safe and reliable.

The invention discloses a construction method of a shallow-buried tunnel in a loess gully. The construction method comprises the following steps: 1, grouting a sleeve valve pipe for advancing reinforcement: carrying out sleeve valve pipe grouting for reinforcement on a stratum in the construction area of the constructed shallow-buried tunnel; 2, carrying out tunnel excavation and preliminary bracing; and 3, constructing a second lining. The construction method is simple in step, reasonable in design, simple and convenient in construction and excellent in using effect; the sleeve valve pipe isadopted and a plurality of rows of grouting holes are adopted to grout the reinforced stratum for reinforcement; the range of the reinforced stratum is specifically limited; both the tunnel hole bodyand the tunnel base can be reinforced, and the reinforcement effect is reliable; the shallow-buried tunnel construction method is particularly suitable for advancing reinforcement and excavation construction of the shallow-buried tunnel section which is positioned in a loess gully and is adjacent to an earth and stone interface, and the earth's surface of the shallow-buried tunnel is a silting-upland layer. The construction method can effectively ensure safety and reliability of the excavation process of the shallow-buried tunnel in the loess gully, can effectively improve the stability of the excavated tunnel hole and can effectively improve the bearing force of the tunnel base.

The invention discloses a large-section tunnel excavation and support construction method for crossing a soil-rock boundary stratum. The method comprises the following steps of first, upper middle step excavation and initial support construction, specifically, carrying out upper step excavation and initial support construction on a construction tunnel by a plurality of excavation sections from rear to front, and when any excavation section is subjected to upper step excavation and initial support construction, the process comprises the following steps of measuring pay-off, drilling and blasting construction, excavation and initial support of an upper cave, and excavation and initial support of a middle cave; second, lower step excavation and initial support construction; and third, carrying out secondary lining construction. The method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to construct and good in use effect, the upper blasting area in the upper step and the middle blasting area on the middle step are separately subjected to blasting zone division, the arrangement position of each shot hole in each blasting zone is defined, the collapse of a tunnel face or the collapse ofa vault caused by large vibration generated by blasting when one-time loading of the large section is excessive can be effectively prevented, the safety and reliability of the tunnel excavation process are ensured, and the stability of the tunnel structure is ensured.

The invention discloses a tunnel pre-reinforcing and excavation construction method for crossing a soil-rock boundary stratum. The tunnel pre-reinforcing and excavation construction method comprises the following steps of 1, precipitation pre-reinforcing; 2, excavation construction of a rear side tunnel section; 3, excavation construction of a middle tunnel section; and 4, excavation constructionof a front side tunnel section, wherein the middle tunnel section and the front side tunnel section are both three-step synchronous excavation tunnel sections; and in the excavation process from backto front in the step 2, the step 3 and the step 4, primary supporting is synchronously conducted on an excavated and formed tunnel hole from back to front. According to the tunnel pre-reinforcing andexcavation construction method for crossing the soil-rock boundary stratum, design is reasonable, construction is easy and convenient, and the using effect is good; and the underground water level islowered through precipitation pre-reinforcing, surrounding rock is effectively reinforced, then a suitable drilling and blasting method is selected according to the position relation between the soil-rock boundary and the tunnel hole, blasting excavation is conducted in a three-step synchronous excavation mode, so that the excavation process of a tunnel crossing the soil-rock boundary stratum is safe and reliable, and the stability of the tunnel structure can be ensured.