34results about How to "Excavation process safety" patented technology

The invention discloses a construction method for enabling a shallowly buried and darkly excavated tunnel to pass through a cottage area. The construction method comprises the following steps: excavating a tunnel hole of the constructed shallowly buried and darkly excavated tunnel from back to front through a step excavation process, and performing preliminary bracing on the tunnel hole formed by excavating from back to front in an excavating process, wherein the tunnel hole consists of an upper guide hole and a lower guide hole positioned right below the upper guide hole, the rear part of the tunnel hole is connected with a vertical well, the preliminary bracing structure of the tunnel hole comprises a plurality of grating steel frameworks for supporting the tunnel hole from back to front, a layer of bar-mat reinforcement suspended on the inner wall of the tunnel hole and a concrete layer jetted on the inner wall of the tunnel hole. The process for excavating the tunnel hole of the shallowly buried and darkly excavated tunnel comprises the following steps: I, excavating the initial segment of the upper guide hole; II, excavating the initial segment of the lower guide hole; III, synchronously excavating the upper and the lower guide holes. The construction method disclosed by the invention is simple in step, reasonable in design, convenient in construction, good in construction effect, capable of simply completing the construction process of the shallowly buried and darkly excavated tunnel that passes through the cottage area, and safe and reliable in a construction process.

The invention discloses a ground fracture crushed zone passing construction method for shallow-buried tunnel excavation. A constructed shallow-buried excavation tunnel comprises a left line tunnel and a right line tunnel which are communicated through a transverse channel. During construction of the constructed shallow-buried excavation tunnel, the method comprises the steps that 1, transverse channel construction is performed; 2, tunnel construction is performed, wherein the two tunnel sections of the left line tunnel and the right line tunnel are constructed through the transverse channel, the construction is performed in the mode of multiple tunnel sections in the longitudinal extending direction of the tunnel from back to from during construction of any one tunnel section, and the construction of any one tunnel section includes the processes of ground fracture judgement, tunnel excavation and synchronous preliminary bracing construction, concrete protection layer construction, post-cast strip retention judgement, secondary tunnel lining construction and post-cast strip construction. The method includes simple steps and is reasonable in design, convenient to construct, good in construction effect, capable of simply and conveniently completing the shallow-buried tunnel excavation construction process of a ground fracture crushed zone and safe and reliable in construction process.

The invention discloses a large-section tunnel excavation and support construction method for crossing a soil-rock boundary stratum. The method comprises the following steps of first, upper middle step excavation and initial support construction, specifically, carrying out upper step excavation and initial support construction on a construction tunnel by a plurality of excavation sections from rear to front, and when any excavation section is subjected to upper step excavation and initial support construction, the process comprises the following steps of measuring pay-off, drilling and blasting construction, excavation and initial support of an upper cave, and excavation and initial support of a middle cave; second, lower step excavation and initial support construction; and third, carrying out secondary lining construction. The method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to construct and good in use effect, the upper blasting area in the upper step and the middle blasting area on the middle step are separately subjected to blasting zone division, the arrangement position of each shot hole in each blasting zone is defined, the collapse of a tunnel face or the collapse ofa vault caused by large vibration generated by blasting when one-time loading of the large section is excessive can be effectively prevented, the safety and reliability of the tunnel excavation process are ensured, and the stability of the tunnel structure is ensured.

The invention discloses a tunnel pre-reinforcement and excavation construction method crossing the earth-rock boundary stratum, comprising the following steps: 1. Pre-reinforcement by precipitation; 2. Excavation construction of the rear tunnel section; 3. Excavation construction of the middle tunnel section; 4. 1. The excavation construction of the front tunnel section; the middle tunnel section and the front tunnel section are all three-step synchronous excavation tunnel sections; in step 2, step 3 and step 4, the excavation process is carried out from back to front, Simultaneously carry out initial support for the excavated tunnel hole from back to front. The invention is reasonable in design, easy in construction and good in use effect. Firstly, the underground water level is lowered through precipitation pre-reinforcement and the surrounding rock is effectively reinforced, and then a suitable drilling and blasting method is selected according to the positional relationship between the soil-rock interface and the tunnel hole, and three steps are adopted. The simultaneous excavation method for blasting excavation can ensure the safety and reliability of the excavation process of the tunnel passing through the soil-rock boundary stratum, and can ensure the stability of the tunnel structure.

The invention discloses a pre-reinforcement and excavation construction method for a tunnel entrance segment of a loess tunnel passing through a slip mass. The method comprises the following steps offirstly, tunnel body soil layer pre-reinforcement, secondly, tunnel entrance construction of the tunnel, thirdly, excavation and preliminary bracing construction of the reinforced tunnel segment, andfourthly, excavation and preliminary bracing construction of the rear tunnel segment. By means of the method, design is reasonable, construction is simple and convenient, and the use effect is good; before excavation, cemented soil stirring piles are adopted for carrying out reinforcement treatment on the loess stratum of the construction area where the tunnel entrance segment of the tunnel is located in advance, the reinforcement length and reinforcement depth are effectively limited, loose soil of the tunnel body of the tunnel is solidified in advance, it is ensured that the construction process of the tunnel entrance segment of the tunnel passing through the slip mass is safe and reliable, and the structure of the tunnel entrance segment, formed through construction, of the tunnel is stable; and meanwhile, a three-step excavation method is adopted for excavating the tunnel entrance segment of the tunnel, it can be ensured that the excavation process of the tunnel entrance segment ofthe tunnel passing through the slip mass is safe and reliable, and the influence on stability of soil layers around the tunnel is small.

The invention discloses a construction method of a soil-stone boundary tunnel passing through loess valleys. The construction method comprises the following steps of 1, precipitation pre-reinforcement; 2, excavation construction of a rear side tunnel section; 3, excavation construction of a middle tunnel section; and 4, excavation construction of a front side tunnel section, wherein the middle tunnel section and the front side tunnel section are three-step synchronous excavation tunnel sections; and in the excavation process from back to front in the step 2, the step 3 and the step 4, primarysupport is synchronously carried out on the excavated tunnel from back to front, and secondary lining of the tunnel is constructed on the inner side of the constructed and formed tunnel primary support structure from back to front. The construction method is reasonable in design, simple and convenient to construct and good in use effect, the underground water level is reduced through precipitationpre-reinforcement, surrounding rock is effectively reinforced, then blasting excavation is carried out in a three-step excavation mode, so that the excavation process of the soil-stone boundary tunnel passing through the loess valleys can be ensured to be safe and reliable, and the stability of the tunnel structure can be ensured.

The invention discloses a construction method for a tunnel in an upper-soft and lower-hard stratum. When constructing any one of the tunnels to be constructed, the steps include: 1. Excavation of the rear tunnel section and initial support construction; 2. Tunnel at the junction Reinforcement of the surrounding rock of the section and temporary reinforcement of the rear tunnel section; 3. The removal of the temporary support of the tunnel arch; 4. The forward movement of the shield machine and the construction of the second lining of the tunnel; 5. The construction of the shield. The invention is reasonable in design, simple in construction and good in use effect. The structure stability of the rear tunnel section is ensured through the temporary support of the tunnel arch, and the surrounding rock of the tunnel section at the junction is repaired by combining surface grouting reinforcement with internal reinforcement. Effective reinforcement can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, effectively ensure the safe construction of the tunnel, and effectively reduce the ground subsidence caused by excavation; after the reinforcement of the surrounding rock in the tunnel section at the junction is completed, the temporary support of the tunnel arch will be carried out. Remove and move the shield machine forward to construct the front tunnel section, the construction process is safe and reliable.

The invention discloses a large-section tunnel stability control construction method capable of passing through an earth and stone boundary stratum, and an earth and stone interface is positioned in an upper hole of a constructed tunnel. During excavation construction on the constructed channel, the large-section tunnel stability control construction method comprises the following steps: I, upperand middle step excavation step: performing upper and middle step excavation construction on the constructed tunnel in multiple excavation sections from rear to front, wherein the process of performing upper and middle step excavation construction on any excavation section comprises surveying and setting out, drilling and blasting construction, upper hole excavation and middle hole excavation; andII, lower step excavation construction. The large-section tunnel stability control construction method is reasonable in design, is simple and convenient in construction, is good in use effect, separately performs blasting region division on an upper blasting region in an upper step and a middle blasting region on a middle step, defines layout position of each blast hole in each blasting region, can effectively prevents tunnel face collapse or arch crown collapse caused by relatively great vibrations generated by blasting while large-section once explosive load is too great, ensures a safe andreliable tunnel excavation process, and can ensure a stable tunnel structure.

The invention discloses a construction method for a water-rich loess tunnel passing through a loess flushing valley. The constructed loess tunnel includes a tunnel entrance section, a flushing valley shallow-buried tunnel section and a front tunnel section. The flushing valley shallow-buried tunnel section is connected to the tunnel entrance Between the entrance section and the front tunnel section; during the construction of the loess tunnel to be constructed, the steps include: 1. construction of the entrance section of the tunnel; 2. construction of the tunnel section buried shallowly in the valley; The method of the invention has the advantages of simple steps, reasonable design, convenient construction, and good application effect. According to the different formations of the tunnel entrance section, the shallow-buried tunnel section and the front tunnel section, a reasonable advanced reinforcement method and a tunnel base reinforcement method are selected for the tunnel. The soil reinforcement can effectively ensure the safety and reliability of the excavation process of the rich water large-section loess tunnel, and can effectively improve the stability of the excavated and formed tunnel hole.