The invention belongs to the technical field of airplane fuel heat managing, and particularly relates to a differential pressure type self-adjusting valve. The valve comprises a shell, a base, a valvebody, a top cover and a piston. The shell is provided with a first connecting part, a second connecting part and a third connecting part, the third connecting part is provided with a cavity C, a baseis arranged in the shell, the base is connected with the second connecting part, the base is provided with a cavity B, a valve connecting part of the valve body is in abut joint with the base, a center shaft is sleeved with a first spring, one end of the top cover is connected with the first connecting part of the shell, the other end of the top cover is provided with a twisting-in type pipe joint, a piston head of the piston is arranged in the first connecting part of the shell and is in abut joint with the top cover, a cavity A is formed between the head of the piston and the twisting-in type pipe joint, a piston rod penetrates through a first through hole of the base and a second through hole of a valve body, the ladder part of the piston rod is in abut joint with the first spring, thepiston is sleeved with a second spring, and the two ends of the second spring are limited through the head of the piston and the base correspondingly. According to the self-adjusting valve, the opening degree of the valve can be self-adjusted, and the cooling property can be improved.