The invention discloses Chinese herbal medicine fumigants and particularly discloses a Chinese herbal medicine fumigant for controlling postharvest diseases of garlic stems. The Chinese herbal medicine fumigant is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a Chinese herbal medicine, a fuel, a combustion improver and auxiliaries, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine comprises one or more of Chinese magnoliavine fruit, divaricate saposhnikovia root, rhubarb, wrinkled gianthyssop herb, manchurian wildginger, lightyellow sophora root, flos caryophyllata, siberian cocklour fruit, liquoric root, tatarian aster root, cassia bark, biond magnolia flower and golden thread, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine accounts for 5-50%, the fuel accounts for 0-40%, the combustion improver accounts for 5-50% and the auxiliaries account for 5-84%. The fumigant has the advantages of being simple to use, immediate in burning after ignition, fast in smoke generation, wide in smoke spreading, good in fresh-keeping effect, free from dead angles, non-toxic in use, safe and free from residues.