Electrocatalysts having gold monolayers on platinum nanoparticle cores, and uses thereof

一种电催化剂、单层的技术，应用在纳米技术、纳米技术、电化学发生器等方向，达到减少装载的效果

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-03-04
BROOKHAVEN SCI ASSOCS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0020] None of the techniques discussed above disclose that platinum or other noble metal electrocatalysts are resistant to the oxidation and dissolution effects of fuel cells.

Method used

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  • Electrocatalysts having gold monolayers on platinum nanoparticle cores, and uses thereof
  • Electrocatalysts having gold monolayers on platinum nanoparticle cores, and uses thereof

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0204] Preparation of gold-coated platinum nanoparticles

[0205] Gold-coated platinum nanoparticles (also denoted Au / Pt) were prepared by depositing a monoatomic layer of gold on the platinum nanoparticles. Gold was deposited using a redox displacement method as described by Zhang et al. (supra).

[0206] In this method, platinum nanoparticles are placed on a suitable electrode and immersed in ~50mM CuSO 4 / 0.10MH 2 SO 4 Applying a suitable reduction potential to this electrode in aqueous solution deposits a copper monolayer (coppor adlayer) onto platinum nanoparticles with a diameter of about 3-10 nm. The electrode with copper-coated Pt nanoparticles was rinsed with clean water to move copper(2+) ions into solution. To replace the copper monolayer with a gold monolayer, the electrode with Pt nanoparticles is subsequently immersed in a suitable gold salt such as HAuCl 4 ) in ~1.0mM aqueous solution. After 1-2 minutes of immersion, the copper is completely replaced by ...

Embodiment 2

[0210] Electrocatalytic Activity Measurement of Platinum Nanoparticles Coated with Gold Monolayer

[0211] Dissolution of platinum from platinum electrocatalyst nanoparticles on an oxygen-reducing cathode can be prevented by placing a submonolayer-to-monolayer of gold on platinum nanoparticles. Because gold is oxidized at a much more positive potential than platinum (Pt is 0.75 V compared to Au's 1.3 V), it can be confirmed that gold-coated platinum electrocatalysts have positively (benignly, positively) transferred platinum oxidation. This forward-transferred platinum oxidation leads to the enhanced stability observed for gold-coated platinum electrocatalysts.

[0212] In addition to the remarkable stability, surprisingly, the oxygen reduction of submonolayer-to-monolayer gold-covered platinum occurs with almost exactly the same kinetics as platinum. Therefore, the electrocatalytic activity of platinum in these gold-coated electrocatalysts remains intact and is not damage...

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Abstract

The invention relates to gold-coated particles useful as fuel cell electrocatalysts. The particles are composed of an electrocatalytically active core at least partially encapsulated by an outer shell of gold or gold alloy. The invention more particularly relates to such particles having a noble metal-containing core, and more particularly, a platinum or platinum alloy core. In other embodiments, the invention relates to fuel cells containing these electrocatalysts and methods for generating electrical energy therefrom.

Description

technical field [0001] This invention was made with government support under Grant No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 awarded by the US Department of Energy. The US Government has certain rights in this invention. [0002] The present invention relates to gold-coated platinum particles useful as fuel cell electrocatalysts, fuel cells containing these electrocatalysts, and methods of generating electrical energy therefrom. Background technique [0003] A "fuel cell" is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. In a typical fuel cell, a gaseous fuel such as hydrogen is supplied to the anode (negative electrode), and an oxidant such as oxygen is supplied to the cathode (positive electrode). Oxidation of the fuel at the anode causes the release of electrons from the fuel into a conductive external circuit connecting the anode and cathode. The oxidant is in turn reduced at the cathode using electrons provided by the oxidized fuel. [0004] The electrical circuit is co...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/90H01M8/00
CPCH01M4/9083H01M4/90H01M4/926Y02E60/523Y02E60/50H01M4/921Y02E60/522B82Y30/00H01M4/94H01M4/92
Inventor 拉多斯拉夫·R·阿季奇章俊良
Owner BROOKHAVEN SCI ASSOCS
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