Fuel-cell anode catalyst and preparation method thereof

A technology for fuel cells and catalysts, applied in battery electrodes, chemical instruments and methods, catalysts for physical/chemical processes, etc. Research and other issues to achieve the effect of improving catalytic activity and stability, simple preparation process and reducing cost

Active Publication Date: 2010-05-26
STATE GRID CORP OF CHINA +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] As an important heterogeneous catalytic material, Pt-Rh alloy has long been used in the catalytic purification of automobile exhaust, but the research on rhodium-modified platinum electrodes and Pt-Rh bimetallic thin film electrodes for fuel cell electrode catalysts has only begun in the 20th century. 1990s
The literature shows that Pt-Rh has similar surface structure characteristics to Pt-Pd and similar catalytic activity to Pt-Ru, but most of them are limited to the preparation and theoretical research of rhodium-modified platinum single crystal electrodes, rarely involving surface alloys and substantial Research on the Preparation of Catalysts

Method used

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  • Fuel-cell anode catalyst and preparation method thereof
  • Fuel-cell anode catalyst and preparation method thereof

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0015] 0.5g of graphite powder is added into 15ml of ethylene glycol aqueous solution with a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred and heated up to 80°C, treated with ultrasonic waves for 1.5h, kept at 80°C and under the action of ultrasonic waves, 16.7ml of chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution (0.077mol / L) was added dropwise into the mixed solution, after stirring for 1 h, 15 ml of formaldehyde aqueous solution with a formaldehyde content of 18.5% was added dropwise and the reaction was continued for 1 h. The resulting suspension was repeatedly washed with ultrapure water and filtered until no chloride ions existed, dried in vacuum at room temperature for 30 minutes, placed in a tube furnace, and roasted in an air atmosphere at 400 ° C for 4 hours to obtain platinum-containing 5% by mass of Pt / C catalyst substrate, denoted as Pt 5 / C.

[0016] Weigh the Pt prepared in 0.5g embodiment 1 5 / C is added in the hydrogen bubbler, add 0.334ml chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution (0.077mol...

Embodiment 2

[0018] Prepare 0.5g Pt by embodiment 1 5 / C is added in the hydrogen bubbler, add 1.002ml aqueous solution of chloroplatinic acid (0.077mol / L), after passing into hydrogen bubble 1h, add 2.02ml rhodium chloride aqueous solution (0.048mol / L), bubble 1h, Then add 1.002ml of chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution (0.077mol / L), continue bubbling for 1h, and let stand for 10min. The resulting suspension was repeatedly washed with ultrapure water and filtered until no chloride ions existed. After vacuum drying at room temperature for 30 minutes, it was placed in a tube furnace for 4 hours at 300°C and then cooled to room temperature. Finally, it was dried at 150°C Under hydrogen reduction, the supported surface alloy catalyst is obtained, denoted as: PtRh / Pt 5 / C-2, the mass ratio of platinum to rhodium in the surface alloy is 0.3:1, and the mass ratio of PtRh alloy to substrate Pt is 0.52:1.

Embodiment 3

[0020] Prepare 0.5g Pt by embodiment 1 5 / C was added to the hydrogen bubbler, and 2.672ml of chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution (0.077mol / L) was added. After bubbling with hydrogen for 1h, 2.02ml of rhodium chloride aqueous solution (0.048mol / L) was added and bubbling for 1h. Then add 2.672ml aqueous solution of chloroplatinic acid (0.077mol / L), continue bubbling for 1h, and let stand for 10min. The resulting suspension was repeatedly washed with ultrapure water and filtered until no chloride ions existed. After vacuum drying at room temperature for 30 minutes, it was placed in a tube furnace for 4 hours at 300°C and then cooled to room temperature. Finally, it was dried at 150°C Under hydrogen reduction, the supported surface alloy catalyst is obtained, denoted as: PtRh / Pt 5 / C-3, the mass ratio of platinum to rhodium in the surface alloy is 0.8:1, and the mass ratio of PtRh alloy to substrate Pt is 0.72:1.

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Abstract

The invention provides a fuel-cell anode catalyst PtRh / Pt / C. The preparation of the catalyst comprises the following steps: taking graphite as a carrier, taking mixed solution of glycol and ultra-pure water as solvent and taking chloroplatinic acid as a precursor; performing chemical reduction under ultrasonic action and then roasting the obtained product to prepare a Pt / C catalyst substrate containing platinum of which the mass is 4 to 20 percent; continuing to take chloroplatinic acid and rhodium chloride as precursors; adopting a forced deposition method to deposit platinum, rhodium and platinum on the Pt surface of the Pt / C substrate respectively in turn; roasting and reducing the obtained product; and obtaining a PtRh / Pt / C surface alloy supported catalyst. The prepared catalyst has the advantages of good stability and high catalytic activity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a catalyst, in particular to a fuel cell anode catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Fuel cells are known as the new energy of the 21st century for their high efficiency and environmental friendliness. Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) has become a research hotspot in recent years due to the rich source of methanol, low price, easy storage and portability. As an anode catalyst, platinum has special activity for the oxidation of hydrogen and small organic molecules, but CO and platinum can form a strong chemical bond, which leads to the poisoning of the platinum catalyst. Therefore, bimetallic catalysts formed by platinum and other metals represented by Pt-Ru have been widely studied and applied. The addition of the second metal not only has a synergistic effect and improves the catalytic activity, but also can compete with platinum to adsorb CO molecules (such as ruthenium Ru), or change the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/90H01M4/88B01J23/46
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 方莉徐佳郭晓晓刘跃鹏
Owner STATE GRID CORP OF CHINA
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