Gasification device and method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthetic gas from biomass

Abstract

The invention provides a gasification device and a gasification method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthetic gas from biomass. The device comprises a biomass feeder, a mixer, a pyrolysis chamber, a gasification chamber, a gasified gas separator, a combustion chamber, a flue gas separator, a bin and a butterfly valve. In the method, the biomass gasifying process is divided into three parts, namelybiomass pyrolysis, semicoke gasification and heat carrier circulation. Through the method and the device, the synthetic gas with the tar content less than 200mg / Nm<3> and the H2 / CO ratio more than 1.1 can be obtained, and the energy utilization rate and the process economy are obviously improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasification, in particular to a gasification device and method for producing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas from biomass. technical background [0002] The physical and chemical processes of biomass gasification mainly include biomass drying, pyrolysis, gasification, and gas phase reaction. The above pyrolysis and gasification processes can produce tar. When the pyrolysis reaction temperature is 400°C, the biomass devolatilizes to produce sugars, aldehydes, and acid compounds. Butene and cyclopentadiene are the main precursors of tar; as the reaction temperature rises, these precursors undergo devolatization H. Polymerization and other reactions to generate phenolic compounds; when the reaction temperature is further increased to 900°C, the tar is mainly composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkyl-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. According to the characteristics of tar compo...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006]The above three processes have obvious weaknesses respectively. The pyrolysis process needs to burn part of the combustible gas to make the reactor reach a high temperature of 1000°C, thus sacrificing the calorific value of the gasification gas ; The two-stage gasification process requires a large amount of heat source to be supplied to the pyrolysis chamber for pyrolysis, and the fixed bed has the disadvantage of being difficult to scale up; although the three-step process can obtain a gas with a high degree of cleanliness, the cost is too high and the economy is very low Difference

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