Multi-coal low-nitrogen direct-current coal dust combustion device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-coal low-nitrogen direct-current coal dust combustion device, and solves the problems of non-independent oscillation of a nozzle, low coal adaptability, hearth coking and overhigh discharge value of nitric oxides in the conventional coal dust combustion device. In the technical scheme, the coal dust combustion device comprises angular burner groups arranged at four corners or multiple corners of a hearth water-cooled wall, wherein the angular burner groups comprise upper and lower burner groups; each burner group comprises at least one layer of primary air nozzles; at least one layer of secondary air nozzles are formed above and below the primary air nozzles respectively; the space between the two burner groups ranges from 1 to 6 meters; and the primary air nozzles can oscillate vertically. In the coal dust combustion device, two main combustion zones and two burnout zones are realized by controlling the primary air nozzles to oscillate independently, the retention time of coal dust in a furnace is prolonged, the coal adaptability is increased, the hearth coking is avoided, and the aims of low discharge of NOX, low-load stable combustion, low-load environment-friendly parameters and low mechanical incomplete combustion heat loss (q4 loss) are fulfilled.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the coal-fired power generation industry, in particular to a multi-coal low-nitrogen direct-flow pulverized coal combustion device. Background technique [0002] my country has a vast territory, complex geographical distribution of coal types, and a wide range of ingredients, unlike coal types in developed countries in Europe and the United States. Most of the existing pulverized coal boilers in power stations in mainland my country are digested and absorbed by imported technologies. The burner of the boiler is only designed for a certain type of coal, such as lean coal, sub-bituminous coal, bituminous coal, lignite, etc., all need to be designed specifically for the burner, and the result of this design will lead to the change of the single-mode burner in the coal type. The expected combustion effect cannot be achieved, the adaptability of coal types is not wide, and the heating surface of the boiler cannot achieve the best heat...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, in the pulverized coal combustion device of the power station pulverized coal tangential combustion type, there are usually angular burner groups evenly distributed at the four corners or multiple corners of the furnace wall, and the arrangement of the primary air nozzle and the secondary air nozzle of each angular burner group They are all corresponding to the same, that is, two or more layers of primary air nozzles are set, and at least one layer of secondary air nozzles is arranged above and below the primary air nozzles. The primary air nozzles are used to spray the primary air with coal powder, and the secondary air The nozzles make the secondary air form CFS I or CFS II. The primary air nozzles in the angle burner group are driven by connecting rods to swing vertically in the same direction at the same time, and the secondary air nozzles are fixed at the beginning of the design. The deflection angle of the horizontal position makes it impossible to control the swing. The disadvantages of this design are: (1) The primary air nozzle can only swing in the same direction as a whole, and only one oxidation zone (that is, the main combustion zone) and one reduction zone (main combustion zone) can be formed in the burner. burnout zone), the unconverted nitrogen element in the reduction zone will inevitably be converted into nitrogen oxides after entering the oxidation zone and discharged from the tail of the boiler, resulting in too high emissions of nitrogen oxides after the furnace exit, which cannot be further reduced. In order to meet environmental protection requirements Flue gas denitrification is required, and the investment and operation costs of existing denitrification technologies (such as SCR and SNCR) are very expensive, and when operating in this way, the boiler q 4 There are also different degrees of increase, resulting in a corresponding decrease in the efficiency of the pulverized coal combustion device; (2) Since the secondary air nozzle in the main combustion zone is fixed and does not swing in the horizontal direction and cannot swing independently in the vertical direction, it can only be fixed to form CFS I or CFS II, but it is impossible to freely switch between the two, and it is also impossible to change the mixing timing and degree of mixing with the primary air jet by controlling the horizontal and / or vertical swing angle of the secondary air according to the actual coal type into the furnace

The existing burner design is aimed at the change of pulverized coal by selecting different air rates, wind speeds, burner area heat loads, tangential circle diameters, and selecting reasonable secondary air speeds to organize good combustion conditions in the furnace. However, when the type of coal that enters the furnace changes greatly, even if the relevant parameters are adjusted, it still cannot adapt, which will cause coking in the furnace and increase the loss of incomplete combustion (that is, q 4 High), low load and poor combustion stability and other problems will follow, resulting in the failure to achieve the best combustion state

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