Flash distillation washing method for atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum processing, and relates to a flash distillation washing method for the atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out heat exchange on petroleum dehydrated crude oil, so that light components are vaporized, then feeding oil gas into a flash distillation washing tower through a pipeline to carry out flash distillation, so that light and heavy components of the oil gas are separated; taking flash distillated oil gas carrying the heavy components and part of second side cut distillate oil from an atmospheric tower as washing oil, carrying out reverse contact on the washing oil on packing in the flash distillation washing tower to carry out washing and mass transfer separation, so that flash top oil gas escapes from the top of the flash distillation washing tower and then enters an upper gas-phase space of a second side cut oil extraction plate of the atmospheric tower, and heavy-component washing oil is extracted from an oil collecting tank of the flash distillation washing tower and then automatically flows to places above and below a third side cut extraction plate of the atmospheric tower; after un-vaporized flash bottom oil is pumped out by using a pump from the bottom of the flash washing tower, carrying out heat exchange on the un-vaporized flash bottom oil and heating the un-vaporized flash bottom oil by using an atmospheric furnace, and then feeding the un-vaporized flash bottom oil into the atmospheric tower so as to separate out atmospheric overhead oil, atmospheric lateral line distillate oil and atmospheric heavy oil through distillation. The method disclosed by the invention is reasonable in process route, good in adaptability, good in energy conservation, low in investment, convenient to control, and friendly in production environment.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum processing, and relates to a process technology for flashing and washing petroleum crude oil using atmospheric and vacuum distillation technology in the oil refining industry, in particular to a method for flashing and washing crude oil by atmospheric and vacuum distillation. in the system. Background technique: [0002] At present, the atmospheric and vacuum distillation system device and technology commonly used in the oil refining industry is to divide crude oil into various components with different boiling point ranges to meet the product index and the requirements of downstream process equipment for raw materials, so different crude oil and products Different processing schemes and technological processes are required. The atmospheric and vacuum distillation system used for petroleum crude oil processing generally adopts a three-tower process of flash distillation or initial distillation,...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, the atmospheric and vacuum distillation system device and technology commonly used in the oil refining industry is to divide crude oil into various components with different boiling point ranges to meet the product index and the requirements of downstream process equipment for raw materials, so different crude oil and products Different processing schemes and technological processes are required. The atmospheric and vacuum distillation system used for petroleum crude oil processing generally adopts a three-tower process of flash distillation or initial distillation, atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation. These existing technical processes generally exist High energy consumption, complex process, inconvenient operation, large construction investment and other disadvantages; in addition, the following disadvantages generally exist in the prior art: one is that the light fraction and water in the crude oil cannot be vaporized before entering the atmospheric furnace, which increases the normal pressure. The heat load of the pressure furnace; the second is to increase the total pressure drop of the crude oil system; the third is to affect the operation of the atmospheric tower due to the fluctuation of the water content of the crude oil; the fourth is to reduce the gas-liquid phase of the lower part of the atmospheric tower when dealing with light crude oil Fifth, the light fraction in crude oil should not be vaporized in the heat exchanger as much as possible to reduce the heat transfer coefficient and increase fouling; fifth, the process is complicated, the investment is large, and the operation is inconvenient

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