Method for synthesizing ethyl chloride by using gas phase hydrogen chloride and ethanol

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing ethyl chloride by using gas phase hydrogen chloride and ethanol. The synthesis method is as below: adding anhydrous zinc chloride to a reaction kettle; slowly heating to 85 DEG C by steam; passing the hydrogen chloride gas through a flowmeter, and introducing hydrogen chloride gas to the reaction kettle through an inserting tube in a buffer tank; and at the same time, continuously adding ethanol into the reaction kettle by a pump, respectively controlling a molar ratio of hydrogen chloride to ethanol at 1.02-1.03:1 by the flowmeter; regulating the temperature of the reaction kettle by jacket steam, and controlling the reaction kettle jacket steam pressure at 5-5.5 KG / cm<2>, and the temperature of the reaction kettle at 120-135 DEG C; condensing ethyl chloride gas and water generated by the reaction and unreacted ethanol by a condenser; recovering water and alcohol to a liquid receiving tank, and pumping the water and alcohol to a material groove of an alcohol distillation column for indiscriminate application; successively subjecting the ethyl chloride gas to water washing, alkaline washing and concentrated sulfuric acid drying; and finally condensing by frozen brine to obtain a liquid ethyl chloride product. The invention has advantages of simple process, easy operation, reduced treatment amount of waste water, energy saving and improved efficiency.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a synthesis method, in particular to a method for synthesizing ethyl chloride using gas phase hydrogen chloride and ethanol. Background technique [0002] There are three synthesis methods for ethyl chloride: the addition of ethylene and hydrogen chloride, and the ethane chlorination method, which is synthesized by the reaction of hydrochloric acid and ethanol; the first method uses ethylene, because ethylene requires high equipment for transportation and storage, and the reaction The conditions are harsh and require high temperature and high pressure; the second method, the ethane chlorination method, has mild reaction conditions, but has many by-products. While the chlorination reaction generates ethyl chloride, it also generates dichloroethane and trichloroethane. In this way, the product separation and purification system is more complicated and the product yield is low; currently, the third synthesis method is main...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] There are three synthesis methods of ethyl chloride: the addition of ethylene and hydrogen chloride, the chlorination of ethane, and the synthesis by the reaction of hydrochloric acid and ethanol; the first method uses ethylene, because ethylene has high requirements for transportation and storage equipment, and the reaction Harsh conditions require high temperature and high pressure; the second method, the ethane chlorination method, has mild reaction conditions, but there are many by-products. While the chlorination reaction generates ethyl chloride, dichloroethane and trichloroethane are also generated. Such a product separation and purification system is relatively complicated, and the product yield is low; at present, the third synthetic method is mainly adopted in China, and hydrochloric acid and ethanol synthesize ethyl chloride at a reaction temperature of 110-145 ° C and anhydrous zinc chloride as a catalyst. During the reaction process, hydrochloric acid is brought into the water in the reaction system, and the water in the reactor needs to be steamed out with steam. For every ton of ethyl chloride produced, 3.5 tons of steam are consumed. In addition, the amount of waste water produced is large, and each ton of product produces 2.05 tons of ethanol-containing wastewater