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Laser welding method capable of avoiding slag inclusion and improving laser absorptivity of aluminum alloy

A laser welding, aluminum alloy technology, applied in laser welding equipment, welding equipment, metal processing equipment and other directions, can solve the problems of slag inclusion, welding defects, affecting the application of laser welding, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2013-01-30
ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF STATE GRID SHANDONG ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This means that in the process of welding aluminum alloy, coupled with the fast cooling rate of aluminum, it is easy to cause slag inclusion and form welding defects
These two conflicting issues affect the application of laser welding in the field of aluminum alloys

Method used

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  • Laser welding method capable of avoiding slag inclusion and improving laser absorptivity of aluminum alloy
  • Laser welding method capable of avoiding slag inclusion and improving laser absorptivity of aluminum alloy
  • Laser welding method capable of avoiding slag inclusion and improving laser absorptivity of aluminum alloy

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] 5083 aluminum plate is selected as the material to be welded.

[0028] (1) Use an angle grinder or a metal brush to remove the oxide film on the surface and then clean it with acetone;

[0029] (2) Carry out anodic oxidation in phosphoric acid solution, 250g / L phosphoric acid, 25°C, current density 1.2A / dm 2 , the oxidation time is 5 minutes;

[0030] (3) Reverse the voltage of step (2) for 3 minutes;

[0031] (4) Dye the oxide film on the surface of the sample with nigrosine black at a concentration of 10g / L at room temperature for 5 minutes;

[0032] (5) Drying with a hair dryer;

[0033] (6) After being welded out, the solvent for coating and removing the oxide film, the weight ratio of the solvent is 50% KCl, 28% NaCl, 12% LiCl 3 , 10%NaF. Coat the place to be welded with acetone;

[0034] (7) Then use CO 2 The gas laser is used for welding, the power range is 2.5KW, and the scanning speed is 200mm per minute.

[0035] figure 1 It is the penetration depth o...

Embodiment 2

[0037] 5083 aluminum plate is selected as the material to be welded.

[0038] (1) Use an angle grinder or a metal brush to remove the oxide film on the surface and then clean it with acetone;

[0039] (2) Carry out anodic oxidation in phosphoric acid solution, 280g / L phosphoric acid, 25°C, current density 1.5A / dm 2 , the oxidation time is 4 minutes;

[0040] (3) Reverse the voltage of step (2) for 2 minutes;

[0041] (4) Dye the oxide film on the surface of the sample with nigrosine, the concentration is 15g / L, room temperature, and the dyeing time is 4 minutes;

[0042] (5) Drying with a hair dryer;

[0043] (6) After being welded out, the solvent for coating and removing the oxide film, the weight ratio of the solvent is 52%KCl, 26%NaCl, 11%LiCl 3 , 11%NaF. Coat the place to be welded with acetone;

[0044] (7) Then use CO 2 The gas laser is used for welding, the power range is 3.5KW, and the scanning speed is 300mm per minute.

Embodiment 3

[0046] 5083 aluminum plate is selected as the material to be welded.

[0047] (1) Use an angle grinder or a metal brush to remove the oxide film on the surface and then clean it with acetone;

[0048] (2) Carry out anodic oxidation in phosphoric acid solution, 290g / L phosphoric acid, 25°C, current density 1.6A / dm 2 , the oxidation time is 4 minutes;

[0049] (3) Reverse the voltage of step (2) for 3 minutes;

[0050] (4) Dye the oxide film with acid black, the concentration is 17g / L, room temperature, and the dyeing time is 4 minutes;

[0051](5) Drying with a hair dryer;

[0052] (6) After being welded out, the solvent for coating and removing the oxide film, the weight ratio of the solvent is 45%KCl, 30%NaCl, 15%LiCl 3 , 10%NaF. Coat the place to be welded with acetone;

[0053] (7) Then weld with a solid-state laser, the laser power is 1Kw, and the scanning speed is 250mm per minute.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a laser welding method capable of avoiding slag inclusion and improving laser absorptivity of an aluminum alloy. The method comprises the following steps of: removing a compact oxide film from the surface of the aluminum alloy, forming a porous film with the thickness of several micrometers by an anodic oxidation method, dyeing to improve the laser absorptivity, coating a solvent capable of removing the oxide film during welding on a part to be welded before welding, and performing laser welding. The porous film is obtained by performing anodic oxidation on phosphoric acid and is essentially different from the naturally formed compact oxide film, namely laser absorption efficiency can be improved due to pores in the porous film, the porous film can be effectively dyed in a short time, and a dark thin film is obtained; and in addition, after reverse polarization is performed, the bonding strength of the anodic oxide film and a substrate is greatly reduced, the oxide film is conveniently peeled from a pool under the action of the solvent for removing the oxide film during welding, and the phenomenon that the oxide film enters the pool to form slag inclusion is avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a laser welding method for aluminum alloy, belonging to the technical field of laser welding. Background technique [0002] Laser welding is a new type of welding technology developed in recent decades. It has the advantages of less heat input, concentrated energy density, small deformation of the heat-affected zone, and greater penetration depth. Especially when combined with robots, it can give full play to With the advantages of high welding efficiency, laser welding has more and more applications in industrial production. However, there are also many shortcomings and problems in the process of laser welding of aluminum alloys. The most serious problem is that due to the high initial reflectivity of aluminum and aluminum alloys to laser light, the welding process is unstable during laser welding. Due to the high reflectivity, most of the energy is reflected and cannot be absorbed by the aluminum substrate. Typical aluminum...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B23K26/42B23K26/20B23K26/21B23K26/60
Inventor 张忠文李新梅杜宝帅
Owner ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF STATE GRID SHANDONG ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY
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