Method and device for concentrating and enriching stable isotopes 2H, 18O and 13C

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for concentrating and enriching stable isotopes 2H, 18O and 13C. The method comprises the steps of: by taking compounds respectively containing stable isotopes 2H, 18O and 13C as materials, carrying out purification treatment, adding to a heavy isotope concentration tower group formed by a plurality stages of gas-liquid mass transfer towers connected in series; continuously and partially vaporizing and partially condensing in the gas-liquid mass transfer towers connected in series by weak vapor pressure difference between light and heavy isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon elements, and gradually concentrating and purifying corresponding heavy isotope. Each tower disclosed by the invention adopts different operation pressures and coupling utilization of heat between the towers; over 30-40% of energy consumption can be saved; a composite structure mass transfer component composed of a liquid collecting distributer, a Dixon mass transfer component, a corrugated mass transfer component and the like is adopted inside the tower; the device is easy to amplify; the device of producing heavy 2H, 18O or 13C isotope at a large scale just needs to be connected with 2-8 gas-liquid mass transfer towers in series; over 50% of investment is saved in comparison with the same scale of device, and the towers adopt a single tandem cascade technology; and the method is simple in flow and easy to control and operate.

Description

[technical field] [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of a production method and a production device of a chemical product, in particular to a method for enriching and enriching stable isotopes 2 H. 18 O. 13 C Methods and Apparatus. [Background technique] [0002] In nature, there are two stable isotopes of hydrogen 1 H (protium), 2 H (deuterium), the atomic weights are 1 and 2 respectively, and its natural abundance is 99.985% and 0.015% respectively; in nature, there are three stable isotopes of oxygen 16 O, 17 O, 18 O, its atomic weights are 16, 17, and 18, and its natural abundances are 99.76%, 0.04%, and 0.20% respectively; in nature, there are two stable isotopes of carbon 12 C, 13 The atomic weights of C are 12 and 13 respectively, and their natural abundances are 99% and 1%, respectively. Each of the above-mentioned isotopes has almost the same physical and chemical properties except for the difference in atomic weight; in addition, due to 2...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, there are still many shortcomings in the separation and concentration technology of rectification method: each tower adopts the same constant operating pressure, the heat between towers cannot be coupled and utilized, and the energy consumption is high; single particle packing is generally used in the tower, which is not easy to scale up; mass production 2 H, 18 O or 13 The device of C isotope needs to connect tens of hundreds of towers in series and parallel, which requires a large investment; the cascading technology between towers (series and parallel) is complex, and the control operation is difficult; the system has a large liquid holding capacity and a long time for system equilibrium, etc.

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