Method and device for reducing, extracting and separating rear earth through fused salt and liquid metal

A technology of liquid metal and liquid metal phase, which is applied in the field of rare earth separation devices, can solve the problems of difficulty in meeting separation requirements, high fuel consumption, and high radiation in the post-processing process, and achieve equipment miniaturization, resource saving, and small material volume Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-11-27
HARBIN ENG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, the spent fuel or target has the characteristics of high burnup and high irradiation, whi...

Method used

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  • Method and device for reducing, extracting and separating rear earth through fused salt and liquid metal
  • Method and device for reducing, extracting and separating rear earth through fused salt and liquid metal
  • Method and device for reducing, extracting and separating rear earth through fused salt and liquid metal

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0026] Example 1. a. Preparation of reducing agent: liquid aluminum is used for the cathode, and a spectrally pure graphite rod is used for the anode, and the mixture of low eutectic KCl-LiCl (51:43% by mass fraction) is added to the electrolytic cell and heated and melted as an electrolyte , at 800°C, constant current electrolysis was carried out, and the cathode current density was 1.3A cm -2 , Tank voltage 4.0-5.5V. After 300 minutes of electrolysis, the cathode electrolyzes to obtain lithium, which is dissolved in 4.8wt% of liquid aluminum to obtain a liquid aluminum-lithium alloy; b, extraction reaction: take out the anode and molybdenum wire, use the obtained liquid aluminum-lithium alloy as an extractant, and add 0.6 wt% of PrCl 3 , 0.6wt% SmCl 3 , The volume ratio of the molten salt containing mixed rare earth chloride to the liquid metal phase is 29:1. Open the inflation valve, fill with argon, the inflation rate is 5L / min, and under the protection of argon atmosph...

Embodiment 2

[0027]Example 2: a. Preparation of reducing agent: Liquid aluminum is used for the cathode, and a spectroscopically pure graphite rod is used for the anode, and the mixture of low eutectic KCl-LiCl (51:43% by mass fraction) is added to the electrolytic cell and heated and melted as an electrolyte , at 900°C, constant current electrolysis was carried out, and the cathode current density was 1.3A cm -2 , Tank voltage 4.0-5.5V. After 240 minutes of electrolysis, the cathode electrolyzes to obtain lithium, which is dissolved in 3.7wt% of liquid aluminum to obtain a liquid aluminum-lithium alloy; b, extraction reaction: take out the anode and molybdenum wire, use the obtained liquid aluminum-lithium alloy as an extractant, and add 1.5 wt% of PrCl 3 , 0.8wt% SmCl 3 , The volume ratio of the molten salt containing mixed rare earth chloride to the liquid metal phase is 35:1. Open the inflation valve, fill with argon, the inflation rate is 3L / min, and under the protection of argon a...

Embodiment 3

[0028] Example 3: a. Preparation of reducing agent: Liquid aluminum is used for the cathode, and a spectrally pure graphite rod is used for the anode, and the mixture of low eutectic KCl-LiCl (50.5:43% by mass fraction) is added to the electrolytic cell and heated and melted as an electrolyte , at 900°C, constant current electrolysis was carried out, and the cathode current density was 1.3A cm -2 , Tank voltage 4.0-5.5V. After 300 minutes of electrolysis, the cathode electrolyzes to obtain lithium, which is dissolved in 4.5wt% of liquid aluminum to obtain a liquid aluminum-lithium alloy; b, extraction reaction: take out the anode and molybdenum wire, use the obtained liquid aluminum-lithium alloy as an extractant, and add 0.8 wt% of PrCl 3 , 1.2wt% SmCl 3 , The volume ratio of molten salt containing mixed rare earth chloride to liquid metal phase is 29:1. Open the inflation valve, fill with argon, the inflation rate is 5L / min, and under the protection of argon atmosphere, s...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for reducing, extracting and separating rear earth through fused salt and liquid metal. Liquid aluminum serves as a cathode, a graphite rod serves as an anode, KCl-LiCl is added into an electrolytic cell to be heated and smelted to serve as electrolyte, and lithium obtained from electrolysis at the cathode is dissolved in the liquid aluminum to obtain a liquid aluminum-lithium alloy by means of electrolysis; praseodymium chloride and samarium chloride are added into the electrolytic cell to serve as a fused salt phase, and a constant speed stirring extraction reaction is carried out in an argon atmosphere with the liquid aluminum-lithium alloy as an extraction agent; the fused salt phase is separated from a liquid metal phase, samarium is extracted into the liquid metal phase to form an aluminum-lithium-samarium alloy, and praseodymium is left in the fused salt phase so as to separate the samarium from the praseodymium. The method and the device provided by the invention are suitable for extreme conditions such as high temperature, and strong radiation; the reducing agent can be recycled to save resources; the distribution coefficient of the samarium in the alloy and the fused salt is 68.1-142.4, the distribution coefficient of the praseodymium in the alloy and the fused salt is 2.9-23.2, and the samarium-praseodymium separation coefficient is 5.0-23.3.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a rare earth separation method. The invention relates to a rare earth separation device. Background technique [0002] The active development of nuclear energy can not only alleviate the short-term and medium-term energy supply pressure in our country, but also has extremely important strategic significance for the long-term stable supply of energy in our country and even the sustainable development of society and economy. At present, the pace of my country's nuclear power development has been significantly accelerated, and it is expected that the installed capacity of nuclear power will approach 80GW by 2020. Based on this calculation, the cumulative storage of spent fuel from nuclear power plants in my country will exceed 10,000 tons by then, and the amount of spent fuel discharged from nuclear power plants will be close to 1,700 tons per year. From the perspective of effective utilization of uranium resources and nuclear e...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B59/00
Inventor 李梅李炜张密林韩伟王英财孙婷婷
Owner HARBIN ENG UNIV
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