Non-contact type measuring system for train axle wheel seat and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact type measuring system for a train axle wheel seat and a measuring method thereof and belongs to the technical field of measurement. The measuring system comprises a lathe, a laser distance measuring sensor, a fine adjusting device for the laser distance measuring sensor, a data collecting card, a main controller, a displayer, a relay, a cable power supply, a signal communicating module, a driving control module and a data collecting and processing module. The measuring system improves a C6180 lathe, and the high-accuracy laser distance measuring sensor is arranged on a horizontal slide carriage of the lathe. The accurate measurement of the outer diameters of the corresponding positions of large shaft parts on the lathe can be achieved according to the principle that the distance between the laser distance measuring sensor and the axis of the lathe is constant. A layer ray deflection angle alpha which can affect measurement results is calibrated through measurement of two standard measuring rods, so that error generated by the deflection angle is eliminated, and the measuring requirements for higher accuracy are met.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, and in particular relates to a non-contact measuring system and a measuring method for the diameter of a wheel seat of a train axle. Background technique: [0002] In the press-fitting process of train wheel sets, there is an interference fit between the wheel and the axle seat, and the requirements for the amount of interference are very strict. The processing size tolerances of many wheels and axle seats to be pressed are different. Before assembly, it is necessary to measure the diameter of the wheel hole and the corresponding wheel seat of the axle in real time, and then make selections in the database of the computer-specific system. It meets the requirements of the press-fitting curve stipulated in the national standard. At present, in the machining process of large-scale shaft parts, the commonly used tools for diameter measurement include large vernier calipers, diameter micrometers...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, in the machining process of large-scale shaft parts, the commonly used tools for diameter measurement include large vernier calipers, diameter micrometers and other mechanical measuring tools. The difference in operation will inevitably lead to errors, and the data must be manually entered into the computer, otherwise the matching cannot be performed

[0003] The literature "Research on high-precision non-contact automatic diameter measurement method" ([J]. Instrument Technology and Sensors, 2011, 8:79-81) reported that a high-precision non-contact automatic Diameter measurement, when the measured target object is within the measurement range, the parallel laser source of the transmitter emits laser light to irradiate the target, and the light blocked by the measured target object enters the CMOS sensor of the receiver, and the receiver records the pixels of the laser point The position and number of data are converted into relative measurement values, and then output to the display link. The diameter of the measured target is obtained by converting the length of light transmission and opacity. This method requires the transmitter and receiver to be strictly parallel. The non-parallelism has not been calibrated for error compensation. In addition, the CMOS sensor has a range of 0-35mm and its own measurement accuracy is 5μm. It is difficult for the final system measurement accuracy to be less than 5μm.

Another document "Research on Non-contact Measurement Method of Rocket Diameter" ([J]. Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology, 2008, 31(4):52-54) discloses a method for non-contact measurement of rocket diameter. This method uses a semiconductor laser as a light source and a grating ruler as a sensor to measure the diameter. The system structure is complex and the measurement accuracy is not high, which is 10 μm.

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