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Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant block-shaped SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogel thermal insulation material

A sio2-al2o3 and composite aerogel technology, which is applied in the field of preparation of high temperature resistant bulk SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogel thermal insulation materials, can solve problems such as complex preparation processes, and achieves simple process, good stability, and reduced cost. The effect of production costs

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-03-11
NANJING UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Chinese patent CN101792299A reports a high temperature resistant SiO2 reinforced with ceramic fiber mat containing SiC coating 2 -Al 2 o 3 Composite airgel insulation, but in Al 2 o 3 During the preparation of the sol, a certain amount of chelating agent needs to be added, and in SiO 2 Sol and Al 2 o 3 Preparation of SiO by Sol Mixing 2 -Al 2 o 3 In the process of wet gelation, a certain amount of acid-base catalyst must be added, and the preparation process is complicated
As for the use of cheap inorganic aluminum salts as aluminum sources and epoxides as network formers to prepare complete bulk SiO 2 -Al 2 o 3 Composite aerogels have not yet been reported

Method used

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  • Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant block-shaped SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogel thermal insulation material
  • Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant block-shaped SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogel thermal insulation material
  • Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant block-shaped SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogel thermal insulation material

Examples

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example 1

[0026] Mix tetraethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water, and hydrochloric acid uniformly at a molar ratio of 1:10:4:0.003, stir at 50°C for 2 hours, and fully hydrolyze to obtain SiO 2 Sol. After mixing aluminum chloride hexahydrate (crystalline aluminum chloride), ethanol, and water according to the molar ratio of 1:24.7:42.1, stir for half an hour to fully hydrolyze the crystalline aluminum chloride to obtain Al 2 o 3 Sol. Then the above SiO 2 Sol and Al 2 o 3 The sol was mixed evenly according to the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate and crystalline aluminum chloride as 1:3, then stirred for 10 minutes, and then propylene oxide was added, wherein the molar ratio of propylene oxide to inorganic aluminum salt was 8.56:1, and after stirring for 30 minutes, the The mixed sol was poured into the mold and gelled in about 2 hours. SiO obtained above 2 -Al 2 o 3 After the composite wet gel was left at room temperature for 10 hours, it was aged and replaced by ethanol agi...

example 2

[0028] After mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water, and hydrochloric acid uniformly at a molar ratio of 1:16:5:0.004, stir at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain SiO after fully hydrolyzing 2 Sol. Stir aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (crystalline aluminum nitrate), ethanol, and water at a molar ratio of 1:8.5:40 for half an hour to fully hydrolyze crystalline aluminum nitrate to obtain Al 2 o 3 Sol. Then the above SiO 2 Sol and Al 2 o 3 The sol was mixed evenly according to the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate and crystalline aluminum nitrate as 1:2, then stirred for 10 minutes, and then added butylene oxide, wherein the molar ratio of propylene oxide and inorganic aluminum salt was 8.56:1, and after stirring for 30 minutes, the The mixed sol was poured into the mold and gelled in about 3 hours. SiO obtained above 2 -Al 2 o 3 After the composite wet gel was left at room temperature for 12 hours, it was aged and replaced by ethanol / tetraethyl orthosilicate mixed a...

example 3

[0030] Mix tetraethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water, and hydrochloric acid uniformly at a molar ratio of 1:18:4:0.003, stir at 50°C for 1.5 hours, and fully hydrolyze to obtain SiO 2 Sol. Mix aluminum chloride hexahydrate, ethanol, and water according to the molar ratio of 1:19.3:45 for half an hour to fully hydrolyze aluminum chloride hexahydrate to obtain Al 2 o 3 Sol. Then the above SiO 2 Sol and Al 2 o 3 The sol was mixed evenly according to the molar ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate and aluminum chloride hexahydrate as 2:3, then stirred for 15 minutes, and then added propylene oxide, wherein the molar ratio of propylene oxide and inorganic aluminum salt was 10:1, and after stirring for 30 minutes, Pour the mixed sol into the mold and gel in about 3 hours. SiO obtained above 2 -Al 2 o 3 After the composite wet gel was left at room temperature for 15 hours, it was aged and replaced by ethanol / tetraethyl orthosilicate mixed aging solution in an oven at 50°C for 7 t...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant block-shaped SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogel thermal insulation material. According to the invention, tetraethyl orthosilicate is adopted as a silicon source, a cheap inorganic aluminum salt is adopted as an aluminum source, and an epoxide is adopted as a network forming agent; the materials are well mixed; the mixture is subjected to sol-gel, aging and supercritical drying, such that the high-temperature-resistant SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogel thermal insulation material is obtained. The method has the advantages of simple materials, low cost, and simple process. The process is simple to operate, such that scale production can easily be realized. The prepared high-temperature-resistant SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogel thermal insulation material has a temperature resistance reaching 1200 DEG C in air, and has good formability. The material can be used in large thermal insulation parts in space shuttles.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of preparation technology of nanoporous materials, and in particular relates to a high temperature resistant bulk SiO 2 -Al 2 o 3 The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite airgel heat insulating material. Background technique [0002] The severe friction between the space vehicle and the atmosphere during the flight will cause strong aerodynamic heating. In order to make it fly faster and for a longer time, while ensuring the safety of the internal personnel and related equipment, the problem of heat insulation has become an important issue in the development of space vehicles. Major technical problems that cannot be avoided but must be properly resolved. [0003] Airgel is a nanoporous material formed by the aggregation of nanoparticles. The high porosity of the airgel material can reduce the heat conduction of the solid, the nanoporous structure can inhibit the heat conduction of the gas, and th...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C04B32/00
Inventor 沈晓冬吴晓栋崔升邵高峰
Owner NANJING UNIV OF TECH
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