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Lithium ion secondary battery porous silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof

A technology for secondary batteries and negative electrode materials, applied in battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve problems such as unfavorable industrial production, high elemental cost, high risk, etc., achieve convenient and easy process conditions, and improve the first effect. , the effect of low material cost

Active Publication Date: 2015-05-13
NANKAI UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The metals used in this method are very active metals, and their single substance cost is high and dangerous, so it is not conducive to industrial production.

Method used

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  • Lithium ion secondary battery porous silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
  • Lithium ion secondary battery porous silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
  • Lithium ion secondary battery porous silicon/carbon composite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] Preparation of silicon aluminum alloy:

[0035] 1) The polyacrylonitrile powder, silicon dioxide powder, and alumina powder with a mass ratio of 10:0.7:1.8 are ball milled and mixed on a planetary ball mill to obtain a primary mixture. The ball milling conditions are: 200 rpm, 5 hours of ball milling, and a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1.

[0036] 2) Put the primary mixture and NaCl with a mass ratio of 1:1 in a boron nitride crucible, N 2 Under air protection, the temperature was raised to 820°C at 5°C / min, and kept for 2 hours. The product was washed with deionized water, filtered with suction, and dried in vacuum to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy.

[0037] figure 1 is the X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the silicon-aluminum alloy prepared above. It can be seen from the figure that no other phases are found except the two phases of silicon and aluminum.

[0038] Preparation of porous silicon / carbon composite anode materials:

[0039] 1) The above-prepared alumin...

Embodiment 2

[0046] Preparation of silicon aluminum alloy:

[0047] 1) The polyvinyl chloride powder, silicon dioxide powder, and alumina powder with a mass ratio of 10:0.1:2.4 are ball milled and mixed on a planetary ball mill to obtain a primary mixture. The ball milling conditions are: 300 rpm, 20 hours of ball milling, and a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1.

[0048] 2) Mix the primary mixture, KCl, NaCl, CaCl with a mass ratio of 1:4:2:4 2 Place it in a boron nitride crucible, raise the temperature to 760°C at 5°C / min under the protection of Ar gas, and keep it warm for 5h. The product is washed with deionized water, filtered with suction, and dried in vacuum to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy.

[0049] The X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the silicon-aluminum alloy of above-mentioned preparation and in the embodiment figure 1 similar. It can be seen from the figure that no other phases are found except the two phases of silicon and aluminum.

[0050] Preparation of porous silicon...

Embodiment 3

[0057] Preparation of silicon aluminum alloy:

[0058] 1) The phenolic resin powder, silicon dioxide powder, and alumina powder with a mass ratio of 10:0.5:2 are ball milled and mixed on a planetary ball mill to obtain a primary mixture. The ball milling conditions are: 350rpm, ball milling 10h, ball to material ratio 8:1.

[0059] 2) Put the primary mixture, NaCl, and KCl with a mass ratio of 1:5:4 in a boron nitride crucible, N 2 Under air protection, the temperature was raised to 800°C at 10°C / min, and kept for 1h. The product was washed with deionized water, filtered with suction, and dried in vacuum to obtain a silicon-aluminum alloy.

[0060] The X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the silicon-aluminum alloy of above-mentioned preparation and in the embodiment figure 1 similar. It can be seen from the figure that no other phases are found except the two phases of silicon and aluminum.

[0061] Preparation of porous silicon / carbon composite anode materials:

[0062] 1...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium ion secondary battery porous silicon / carbon composite negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material consists of porous silicon, a graphite-like carbon material and an amorphous carbon material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking pyrolytic carbon as a reducing agent, preparing a silicon-aluminum alloy in one step by a mixture of alkali (earth) metal chloride-containing silicon dioxide powder and aluminum oxide powder; carrying acid corrosion and vacuum drying on the silicon-aluminum alloy; mixing the silicon-aluminum alloy and graphite in an organic polymer solution; drying the solvent by distillation; and finally roasting under inert atmosphere at high temperature to obtain the porous silicon / carbon composite material. Through adjusting the silicon-aluminum ratio and the particle size in the silicon-aluminum alloy preparation process, the pore size and the pore distribution in the final porous silicon / carbon material can be controlled. The porous silicon / carbon material provided by the invention has the characteristics of being high in first coulombic efficiency, long in cyclic life and high in capacity. Moreover, the used raw materials are low in cost and environment-friendly; the preparation method is simple in instruments, short in technological process and suitable for industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a lithium ion secondary battery negative electrode material and its preparation technology, in particular to a lithium ion secondary battery porous silicon / carbon composite negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] As a high-energy chemical power source, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in daily life due to their many advantages such as high capacity, low self-discharge rate, and long cycle life. At present, commercialized lithium-ion secondary battery anode materials mainly use carbon materials. However, this type of material has problems such as low theoretical capacity, high irreversible capacity in the first week, and poor safety during overcharging, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-energy power sources. [0003] As a candidate material for the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries, silicon has attracted much attention due to its advanta...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/587
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 杨化滨侯晓存赵前永
Owner NANKAI UNIV
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