Nitromethane vacuum distillation system

Abstract

The invention relates to a nitromethane reduced pressure distillation system, and belongs to the technical field of purification of nitromethane. The nitromethane reduced pressure distillation system includes a crude nitromethane intermediate storage tank, a distillation kettle, condensers, a finished product receiving tank and a vacuum unit; the condensers include a kettle top condenser and a finished product condenser; the crude nitromethane intermediate storage tank is connected with the distillation kettle, the kettle top condenser, the finished product condenser, a three-way valve and the finished product receiving tank successively; the three-way valve is connected with a delivery flask; the delivery flask is connected with the distillation kettle and a low-boiling-point substance receiving tank, and the delivery flask and one section of a pipeline connected with the distillation kettle form a U-shaped pipe; the finished product condenser, the delivery flask, the low-boiling-point substance receiving tank and the finished product receiving tank are connected with the vacuum unit; the low-boiling-point substance receiving tank and the finished product receiving tank are also connected with a nitrogen storage tank. The nitromethane reduced pressure distillation system has the advantages of scientific and reasonable design, low operation cost, safety, energy saving, environmental protection, high purification efficiency, and good purification effect, and fully utilizes impurities produced during purification.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a nitromethane vacuum distillation system, which belongs to the technical field of nitromethane purification. Background technique [0002] Nitromethane is a colorless oily liquid, soluble in ethanol, ether and dimethylformamide, and partially soluble in water. It can be used in organic synthesis to synthesize pesticides such as chloropicrin and nitroalcohol, and can also be used to prepare explosives, rocket fuel, medicine, dyes, insecticides and gasoline additives, etc., and can also be used as an organic solvent. [0003] As an important chemical raw material, the purification of nitromethane is very important, and atmospheric distillation is generally used in industry. However, there are the following problems: (1) the boiling point of nitromethane under normal pressure is 101.2°C, and only when the distillation pot is heated to about 103°C can a large amount of nitromethane be evaporated, which consumes a lot of energy; (...

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Problems solved by technology

However, there are the following problems: (1) the boiling point of nitromethane under normal pressure is 101.2°C, and only when the distillation pot is heated to about 103°C can a large amount of nitromethane be evaporated, which consumes a lot of energy; (2) nitromethane The flash point of methane is very low, only 35°C, and there is a great potential safety hazard when using high-temperature steam atmospheric distillation; (3) the purification efficiency of existing atmospheric distillation purification devices is relatively poor, for example, 5000L distillation still distills 99.9% of nitrate Methyl methane, atmospheric distillation takes 45-55 hours, which takes a long time; (4) The purification effect of the atmospheric distillation purification device is relatively poor, which cannot meet customer requirements, and the low boiling substances and high boiling substances produced in the purification have not been processed again. use

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