High-temperature interlock esterification carbonylation unit for synthesis gas to glycol

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-temperature interlock esterification carbonylation unit for synthesis gas to glycol. The unit comprises a compressor, a pre-reactor, a feed heater, a reactive rectifying column, a rectifying column condenser, a rectifying column reflux tank, a reactor heater, a carbonylation reactor, a reactor knockout drum and a dimethyl oxalate absorption tower, which form gas-phase closed loop through pipes. The nit is an improvement on an esterification carbonylation unit for synthesis gas to glycol of the prior art, various key parts are provided with additional emergency shut-off valves and emergency opening valves; when the carbonylation reactor has abnormal temperature rise, a feeding sub-line cooperating with a connection torch isolates the carbonylation reactor form the esterification carbonylation unit; a nitrogen inlet tube is used to purge the original methyl nitrite of the carbonylation reactor to prevent the continuing exothermic decomposition of methyl nitrite, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the carbonylation reactor. The unit can effectively prevent carbonylation reactor explosion due to temperature runaway, and protect the production line and live safety of the workers.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an industrial production process for producing ethylene glycol from synthesis gas, in particular to an esterification carbonylation unit with a high-temperature interlocking mechanism. Background technique [0002] The synthesis gas to ethylene glycol process route is usually completed in four steps. The first step is esterification reaction, the second step is carbonylation reaction, the third step is hydrogenation reaction, and the fourth step is refining; the first step is esterification reaction And the second step is the carbonylation reaction as a complete cycle system, constituting the esterification carbonylation unit; in the process of syngas to ethylene glycol, the first intermediate product produced is dimethyl oxalate, and the dimethyl oxalate reaction is in carbonylation It is synthesized in the chemical reactor, by methyl nitrite gas and carbon monoxide gas, under the action of catalyst Pd / Al2O3, the reaction temp...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] The synthesis gas to ethylene glycol process route is usually completed in four steps. The first step is esterification reaction, the second step is carbonylation reaction, the third step is hydrogenation reaction, and the fourth step is refining; the first step is esterification reaction And the second step is the carbonylation reaction as a complete cycle system, constituting the esterification carbonylation unit; in the process of syngas to ethylene glycol, the first intermediate product produced is dimethyl oxalate, and the dimethyl oxalate reaction is in carbonylation It is synthesized in the chemical reactor, by methyl nitrite gas and carbon monoxide gas, under the action of catalyst Pd / Al2O3, the reaction temperature is 120-140 °, and the pressure is 0.4MPa. This reaction is a strong exothermic reaction, and when When the reaction temperature exceeds 140°, methyl nitrite decomposes strongly on the surface of the catalyst, releasing a large amount of heat instantaneously, the reactor and the system gas expand, and the reactor will experience a runaway temperature. At this time, the original safety valve of the carbonylation reactor takes off , due to the occurrence of overheating in the carbonylation reactor, the safety valve has no time to release the pressure, which easily leads to the explosion of the carbonylation reactor

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