Aluminum electrolysis continuous production method and structure adopting prebaked anode

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum electrolysis continuous production method and structure adopting a prebaked anode. The aluminum electrolysis continuous production method is characterized in that connection grooves (2) are formed in the upper portion of a carbon block body (1) of the anode and connected with a steel claw (7); and when the carbon block body (1) in an electrolytic cell needs to be connected, a new carbon block body (1) is placed above the old carbon block body (1), the new carbon block body (1) and the old carbon block body (1) are connected through fixing protruding heads (3) arranged at the tops of the carbon block bodies (1) needing to be connected and fixing grooves (4) formed in the bottoms of the connected carbon blocks (1) needing to be connected, and the new carbon block body (1) and the old carbon block body (1) are fixed together by filling gaps between the fixing protruding heads (3) and the fixing grooves (4) with sintering feed or pouring materials. According to the aluminum electrolysis continuous production method and structure adopting the prebaked anode, prebaked anode carbon blocks can be produced without anode scraps, the difference between an anode carbon block structure and an existing anode carbon block is not large, and the transformation on a production system is small. The transformation on an existing electrolytic cell is also small, only the connecting steel claw needs to be transformed, auxiliary hooks need to be additionally arranged, and transformation can be achieved without cell shutdown.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an electrolytic aluminum production method, in particular to a prebaked anode aluminum electrolytic continuous production method and structure. Background technique [0002] In the modern electrolytic aluminum industry, prebaked anodes are generally used to produce electrolytic aluminum. On the upper surface of the anode carbon block, there are 2 ～ 4 a diameter of 160 ～ 180mm , deep for 80 ～ 110mm The circular groove, commonly known as the carbon bowl, is used to install the anode claw head during the anode assembly, and the anode claw head is cast in the carbon bowl with phosphorus pig iron. The anode claw head and the aluminum conductive rod are connected by aluminum-steel explosion welding, and then the The aluminum conductive rod is closely connected with the anode carbon block to form the anode carbon block group. In the production process of electrolytic aluminum, the anode carbon block will be contin...

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Problems solved by technology

At present, the production process mainly has the following disadvantages. 1) The replacement of a new anode carbon block is in a normal temperature state, and it must be placed in the electrolytic cell and preheated for about 24 hours before it can conduct electricity. Therefore, replacing the anode carbon block will increase the heat loss, and When changing poles, it will have a great impact on the smooth operation of the electrolytic cell; 2) The replacement of anodes will have a periodic impact on the production of aluminum electrolysis, destroying the energy and material balance of the electrolytic cell, affecting the current efficiency and increasing the power consumption rate; 3) In order to separate the anode claw from the anode butt, it is necessary to break the charcoal bowl where the phosphorus pig iron is cast, so that the anode butt falls off from the anode claw to achieve separation. This process is not only time-consuming, but also labor-intensive and inefficient. ; 4) The amount of anode residues produced under replacement is generally 10% to 15% of the output of aluminum ingots. Based on the production of aluminum ingots in China at 26 million to 27 million tons per year, the annual output of anode residues is 2.6 million to 3.9 million tons / year, based on the calculation of 2700 yuan / ton of anode carbon blocks, China will waste tens of billions of anode carbon blocks each year; A large amount of electrolyte is adsorbed, the main component of the electrolyte is fluoride salt, and the anode residue containing a large amount of fluoride salt is very serious for environmental pollution; 5) When the anode claw is cast in the carbon bowl, in order to reduce the Waste, the anode remnant must be burned as thin as possible. At the end of the life of the anode carbon block, the top surface of the anode carbon block is very close to the electrolyte level. Affected by the magnetic field and air flow, strong waves are constantly generated on the surface of the electrolyte. In the actual production process, The anode claws are often corroded by the electrolyte. The iron element of the anode claws dissolves into the electrolyte and then enters the aluminum ingot, which affects the quality of the finished product. The service life of the anode claws is generally about 3 years, which also increases the production cost accordingly. At the end of the life of the carbon block, the thickness of the anode butt that is too thin will inevitably lead to uneven conduction of the carbon electrode, which will lead to fluctuations in the working conditions of the electrolytic cell and increase power consumption

In order to improve the use of the existing anode carbon block, realize the production without residues, and reduce costs, it is not only to improve the anode carbon block, but also to improve the entire system related to the anode carbon block, while the existing aluminum electrolysis If the tank needs to be stopped for renovation, the upper structure of the electrolytic tank and the refractory heat preservation structure, anode rods, and cathode carbon blocks in the bottom tank shell will be completely scrapped, resulting in huge losses, and the cost of remanufacturing the structures such as the bus bar and gantry above the electrolytic tank is also high. very expensive

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