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A kind of porous nanofiber that fast absorbs heavy metal ions and its preparation method

A technology for adsorbing heavy metals and nanofibers, which is applied to alkali metal compounds, chemical instruments and methods, and adsorption water/sewage treatment. It can solve the problems of long adsorption equilibrium time, small specific surface area of ​​ordinary fibers, and low adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions.

Active Publication Date: 2019-01-25
TIANJIN POLYTECHNIC UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0009] Aiming at the problems of ordinary fiber with small specific surface area, low adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions, and long time to reach adsorption equilibrium, the present invention prepares a porous nanofiber that rapidly adsorbs heavy metal ions

Method used

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  • A kind of porous nanofiber that fast absorbs heavy metal ions and its preparation method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0021] a) Disperse nano-silica in deionized water ultrasonically, then dissolve sodium alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyoxyethylene ether and urea in deionized water containing nano-silica, ultrasonically disperse and deionize Spinning solution is obtained after foaming;

[0022] b) Inject the spinning solution obtained in step a) into the needle tube, obtain nanofibers with a diameter of 500 nanometers through high-voltage electrospinning technology, and control the spinning time to adjust the thickness of the nanofiber membrane to 50 microns;

[0023] c) Prepare a calcium chloride aqueous solution with a metal ion mass percentage of 30% as an ionic crosslinking agent;

[0024] d) Soak the nanofiber membrane obtained in step b) in the calcium chloride aqueous solution obtained in step c) for cross-linking for 0.5 h, and simply rinse with deionized water twice to wash off excess calcium ions on the surface, and then freeze-dry to obtain macropores Structure, and then immerse th...

Embodiment 2

[0027] a) Disperse nano-titanium dioxide ultrasonically in deionized water, then dissolve sodium alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol in deionized water containing nano-titanium dioxide successively, ultrasonically disperse, and obtain after deaeration Spinning solution

[0028] b) Inject the spinning solution obtained in step a) into the needle tube, obtain nanofibers with a diameter of 150 nanometers through high-voltage electrospinning technology, and control the spinning time to adjust the thickness of the nanofiber membrane to 300 microns;

[0029] c) Prepare a calcium nitrate aqueous solution with a metal ion mass percentage of 0.5% as an ionic crosslinking agent;

[0030] d) Soak the nanofiber membrane obtained in step b) in the calcium nitrate aqueous solution obtained in step c) for cross-linking for 24 hours, and simply rinse with deionized water three times to remove excess calcium ions on the surface, and then freeze-dry to obtain a ...

Embodiment 3

[0033] a) Disperse graphene ultrasonically in deionized water, then dissolve sodium alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, sericin and polyacrylamide in graphene-containing deionized water successively, disperse ultrasonically, and defoam to obtain spinning Silk liquid

[0034] b) Inject the spinning solution obtained in step a) into the needle tube, obtain nanofibers with a diameter of 200 nanometers through high-voltage electrostatic spinning technology, and control the spinning time to adjust the thickness of the nanofiber membrane to 200 microns;

[0035] c) Prepare an aqueous solution of calcium dihydrogen phosphate with a metal ion mass percentage of 10% as an ionic crosslinking agent;

[0036] d) Soak the nanofiber membrane obtained in step b) in the calcium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution obtained in step c) for cross-linking for 8 hours, and simply rinse with deionized water three times to wash off excess calcium ions on the surface, and then freeze-dry to obtain macropores...

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Abstract

The invention provides a porous nano fiber capable of rapidly adsorbing heavy metal ions and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that common fibers have a small specific area, the adsorption amount on heavy metal ions is low, and the time for reaching adsorption balance is long. Sodium alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan are taken as the main raw materials. The main raw materials and polymers, a pore forming agent, and a reinforcing agent, which are used to assist spinning, are dissolved in water to prepare a spinning liquid. The spinning liquid is converted into nano fibers through a static spinning technology, and then the nano fibers are subjected to calcium ion crosslinking moulding to obtain the porous nano fiber for heavy metal ion extraction. The prepared nano fiber for heavy metal ion extraction has the advantages of large specific area and high porosity; nano fiber has macro pores and micro pores, the contact area between the nano fiber and heavy metal ions is increased therefore, the adsorption amount is increased, the time for reaching adsorption balance is shortened, and the heavy metal ions in water can be rapidly and effectively adsorbed by the nano fiber. The provided porous nano fiber has a good application prospect in the field of heavy metal ion adsorption and detection.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a porous nanofiber that quickly adsorbs heavy metal ions and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the fields of functional materials, environmental materials and chemical engineering. Background technique [0002] With the rapid industrialization and urbanization of China, a large amount of heavy metals are discharged into the environment through various channels, which increases the burden of heavy metals on the environment and causes serious heavy metal pollution. Heavy metals enter the water body mainly through man-made pollution, geological erosion, weathering and other forms. They are not easily metabolized and easily enriched by organisms in the biological chain. They not only pollute the water environment, but also seriously threaten the survival of humans and aquatic organisms. At present, the treatment methods of heavy metal ions in water mainly include: chemical method, biological method and physical chemical metho...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J20/24B01J20/28B01J20/30C02F1/28C02F1/62
CPCB01J20/24B01J20/28023B01J20/28085C02F1/286C02F2101/20
Inventor 赵孔银李金刚秦志魏梦梦刘亮郭杰蔡志江魏俊富
Owner TIANJIN POLYTECHNIC UNIV