A method for preparing polymer superhydrophobic surface micro-nano structure by molding method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic surface micro-nano structure of a polymer by using a molding method. The method comprises the steps that a metal substrate and a nickel plate are connected with a power source in the mode that the metal substrate processed through oil and contamination removal serves as the electroforming cathode, and the nickel plate serves as the anode, a nickel-base electroforming solution containing nonconductive hard micro-nano particle balls in a dispersion distribution mode is fed between the anode and the cathode so as to form an electroforming system, and energization is conducted to enable the hard micro-nano particle balls and nickel ions to achieve co-deposition on the surface of the metal substrate so as to form a nickel-base dispersion composite electroforming layer; the metal substrate with the deposited electroforming layer serves as the anode to conduct electrolysis, and a layer of nickel metal on the surface of the electroforming layer is removed, so that the hard micro-nano particle balls serve as a micro-bulge structure; a workpiece which is processed through electrolytic machining is taken out and cleaned with deionized water to serve as a mould, the thermoplastic polymer is heated to enable the temperature to be higher than the glass transition temperature, and copying is conducted by using a hot embossing method, so that a polymer part with the super-hydrophobic surface micro-nano structure is obtained; and both the part and a bearing sheet with dripped fluoroalkyl silane are placed in a closed container to be baked so that the metal surface can have the super-hydrophobicity performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing polymer superhydrophobic surface micro-nano structures by molding, which is used for changing the wettability of the polymer surface to make it have superhydrophobic properties. The method is suitable for preparing superhydrophobic surfaces with complex three-dimensional structures, has low preparation cost and is easy to realize, and belongs to the field of surface engineering. Background technique [0002] Wetting is a phenomenon in which a solid interface changes from a solid-gas interface to a solid-liquid interface. Wettability refers to the ability or propensity of a liquid to spread on a solid surface. Wettability is a common phenomenon in nature. For example, the phenomenon that rainwater falls on the surface of lotus leaves to form spherical droplets and rolls down, and the self-cleaning effect of lotus leaves "out of silt without staining", which is the phenomenon of superhydrophobicity. In ad...

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Problems solved by technology

Polymer materials are widely used in engineering and are widely used. However, the anti-pollution and anti-corrosion properties of polymers are poor, so it is of great significance to prepare super-hydrophobic surfaces on polymers.

[0004] The prior art mainly has the following disadvantages: (1) Existing template methods mainly include biological template method, porous anodized aluminum template method and aluminum plate corrosion template method, etc., which all have limitations in preparing micro-molds with complex three-dimensional structures, and The service life of the mold is short; (2) The laser or plasma etching method can prepare the surface of the micro-nano nested structure with high precision and regular shape, but the process efficiency is low, and the obtained super-hydrophobic surface area is small, which is not suitable for large-scale manufacturing, and The equipment is extremely expensive; (3) The electrospinning method can prepare superhydrophobic materials in a large area by using micro / nano filaments to construct a rough structure on the surface, but the controllability and uniformity of the surface microstructure of the prepared superhydrophobic materials are relatively low. Poor, poor wear resistance, short service life; (4) The physical or chemical vapor deposition method has a simple operation process and a relatively strong bonding force between the film and the substrate, but the cost is expensive, and it is generally only suitable for the preparation of some special materials

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